Three-dimensional geometric measurements of snow microstructural evolution under isothermal conditions

Flin, Frédéric; Brzoska, Jean-Bruno; Lesaffre, Bernard; Coléou, Cécile; Pieritz, Romeu André

doi:10.3189/172756404781814942

Cited by 89 publications

(124 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…[18] It has been observed that the ice structure of snow might exhibit an anisotropy [Flin et al, 2004] as a result of metamorphism dynamics under isothermal conditions. A different anisotropy naturally emerges from BD/KPZ solely as a result of the deposition process and irrespective of possible anisotropic crystal shapes.…”

Section: Anisotropy Of Density Correlations In New Snowmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the evolution of the snow surface during snowfall

Löwe¹,

Egli²,

Bartlett³

et al. 2007

Geophysical Research Letters

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[1] The deposition and attachment mechanism of settling snow crystals during snowfall dictates the very initial structure of ice within a natural snowpack. In this letter we apply ballistic deposition as a simple model to study the structural evolution of the growing surface of a snowpack during its formation. The roughness of the snow surface is predicted from the behaviour of the time dependent height correlation function. The predictions are verified by simple measurements of the growing snow surface based on digital photography during snowfall. The measurements are in agreement with the theoretical predictions within the limitations of the model which are discussed. The application of ballistic deposition type growth models illuminates structural aspects of snow from the perspective of formation which has been ignored so far. Implications of this type of growth on the aerodynamic roughness length, density, and the density correlation function of new snow are discussed. Citation: Löwe, H., L. Egli, S. Bartlett, M. Guala, and C. Manes (2007), On the evolution of the snow surface during snowfall, Geophys.

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Section: Anisotropy Of Density Correlations In New Snowmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the evolution of the snow surface during snowfall

Löwe¹,

Egli²,

Bartlett³

et al. 2007

Geophysical Research Letters

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“…Since 2001, research on snow by means of a cryo-stat is being performed. Coleou et al (2001) and Heggli et al (2011) imaged and measured snow in 3D, while Flin et al (2004) characterized the snow microstructural evolution under isothermal conditions. Kaempfer et al (2005) described a microstructural approach to model heat transfer in snow, while Pieritz et al (2004) modelled the micromechanics of snow.…”

Section:  Multi-scale Imagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-resolution X-ray computed tomography in geosciences: A review of the current technology and applications

Cnudde

Boone

2013

Earth-Science Reviews

1,236

700

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Please cite this article as: Cnudde, V., Boone, M.N., "High-resolution X-ray computed tomography in geosciences: a review of the current technology and applications", Earth Science Reviews (2013Reviews ( ), doi: 10.1016Reviews ( /j.earscirev.2013 This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.A C C E P T E D M A N U S C R I P T AbstractHigh-resolution X-ray Computed Tomography (HRXCT) or micro-CT (µCT) is a frequently used non-destructive 3D imaging and analysis technique for the investigation of internal structures of a large variety of objects, including geomaterials. Although the possibilities of X-ray micro-CT are becoming better appreciated in earth science research, the demands on this technique are also approaching certain physical limitations. As such, there remains a lot of research to be done in order to solve all the technical problems that occur when higher demands are put on the technique. In this paper, a review of the principle, the advantages and limitations of X-ray CT itself are presented, together with an overview of some current applications of micro-CT in geosciences. One of the main advantages of this technique is the fact that it is a non-destructive characterization technique which allows 4D monitoring of internal structural changes at resolutions down to a few hundred nanometers. Limitations of this technique are the operator dependency for the 3D image analysis from the reconstructed data, the discretations effects and possible imaging artefacts. Driven by the technological and computational progress, the technique is continuously growing as an analysis tool in geosciences and is becoming one of the standard techniques, as is shown by the large and still increasing number of publications in this research area. It is foreseen that this number will continue to rise, and micro-CT will become an indispensable technique in the field of geosciences.

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“…These images were obtained from controlled cold-room experiments (samples s-DFRG, s-RG0, s-RG1 measured by Flin et al (2004) during an isothermal metamorphism experiment; sample s-FC measured by Calonne et al (2011) during a temperaturegradient experiment) or field sampling (sample s-DF measured by Flin et al (2011) and samples s-FCDF and s-FCDH measured by Hagenmuller et al, 2013). All samples were scanned with X-ray absorption tomography after impregnation of the material with 1-chloronaphtalene .…”

Section: -D Image Data Setmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructure-based modeling of snow mechanics: a discrete element approach

2015

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Abstract. Rapid and large deformations of snow are mainly controlled by grain rearrangements, which occur through the failure of cohesive bonds and the creation of new contacts. We exploit a granular description of snow to develop a discrete element model based on the full 3-D microstructure captured by microtomography. The model assumes that snow is composed of rigid grains interacting through localized contacts accounting for cohesion and friction. The geometry of the grains and of the intergranular bonding system are explicitly defined from microtomographic data using geometrical criteria based on curvature and contiguity. Single grains are represented as rigid clumps of spheres. The model is applied to different snow samples subjected to confined compression tests. A detailed sensitivity analysis shows that artifacts introduced by the modeling approach and the influence of numerical parameters are limited compared to variations due to the geometry of the microstructure. The model shows that the compression behavior of snow is mainly controlled by the density of the samples, but that deviations from a pure density parameterization are not insignificant during the first phase of deformation. In particular, the model correctly predicts that, for a given density, faceted crystals are less resistant to compression than rounded grains or decomposed snow. For larger compression strains, no clear differences between snow types are observed.

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Three-dimensional geometric measurements of snow microstructural evolution under isothermal conditions

Cited by 89 publications

References 26 publications

On the evolution of the snow surface during snowfall

On the evolution of the snow surface during snowfall

High-resolution X-ray computed tomography in geosciences: A review of the current technology and applications

Microstructure-based modeling of snow mechanics: a discrete element approach

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