Three dimensional Finite Element modeling of seismic soil–structure interaction in soft soil

Comprehensive nonlinear seismic ground response analysis of sensitive clays: case study—Leda clay in Ottawa, Canada

“…The cyclic behavior of the soil was modelled by the translation of yield surfaces in total-stress space, being consistent with the Masing's rule (Masing 1926) for unloading-reloading criteria. The described model has been successfully verified and used in soil-structure interaction analyses (Torabi and Rayhani 2014) and seismic bridge response simulation (Elgamal et al 2008). …”

“…Thus, in order to simulate this level of damping within the dominant frequency range of the system (0.25-10 Hz), two target frequencies f 1 ¼ 0:1 Hz and f 2 ¼ 50 Hz with the corresponding damping ratios f 1 ¼ f 2 ¼ 2% were used in the Rayleigh damping formulation. Details of this kind of Rayleigh damping application have been fully explained in the work by Torabi and Rayhani (2014). It is worth noting that the stiffness matrix was updated at each time step to involve the effect of soil stiffness degradation in the viscous damping estimation.…”

Seismic analysis of the soil–structure interaction for a high rise building adjacent to deep excavation

“…Indeed, in one of papers [19] focused on differences between twodimensional and three-dimensional analyses, the numerical modeling of a single-story, single-span building frame next to a 10-m excavation was performed with the finite element method via PLAXIS demonstrated that the bending moment at the midspan of the structure by three-dimensional calculation is roughly 30% less than the result of two-dimensional analysis. In this issue, to avoid large numerical and time efforts, a newfangled threedimensional finite element model is proposed utilizing linear elastic single degree of freedom structure and also a nonlinear elasto-plastic constitutive model for soil behavior proposed in order to capture the seismic soil-structure interaction [20].…”

Nonlinear Fea of Soil-Structure-Interaction Effects on Rc Shear Wall Structures

“…Inertial interaction is the mechanism induced from the relative displacement between the soil and foundation due to the inertial forces. Inertial forces cause base shear and moments at the foundation level that could cause displacement to the soil [1].…”

“…The used software was FLAC2D, which is a 2D FE software that can model the soil profile with different shear wave velocities representing soil classes such as Ce, De and Ee according to the Australian code. Likewise, a nonlinear elasto-plastic constitutive SSI model was investigated by Torabi and Rayhani [1] by using a 3D FE model. Different embedment depths and aspect ratios were considered when discretizing the soil domain so as to account for SSI.…”