Three-Dimensional Fabrication for Microfluidics by Conventional Techniques and Equipment Used in Mass Production

Naito, Toyohiro; Nakamura, Makoto; Kaji, Noritada; Kubo, Takuya; Baba, Yoshinobu; Otsuka, Koji

doi:10.3390/mi7050082

Cited by 11 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…A non-planar PDMS device was able to produce W/O/W double emulsions without the need for the surface modification of the channels [ 124 ]. The device was fabricated by bonding two identical PDMS moulds face to face on top of each other [ 127 , 128 , 129 ] ( Figure 11 ). Each mould was consisted of two sequential junctions with different channel depths and the non-planar junction was formed after bonding at the transition point between the shallow and deep channel.…”

Section: Microfluidic Fabrication Of Multiple Emulsionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microfluidic Production of Multiple Emulsions

2017

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Microfluidic devices are promising tools for the production of monodispersed tuneable complex emulsions. This review highlights the advantages of microfluidics for the fabrication of emulsions and presents an overview of the microfluidic emulsification methods including two-step and single-step methods for the fabrication of high-order multiple emulsions (double, triple, quadruple and quintuple) and emulsions with multiple and/or multi-distinct inner cores. The microfluidic methods for the formation of multiple emulsion drops with ultra-thin middle phase, multi-compartment jets, and Janus and ternary drops composed of two or three distinct surface regions are also presented. Different configurations of microfluidic drop makers are covered, such as co-flow, T-junctions and flow focusing (both planar and three-dimensional (3D)). Furthermore, surface modifications of microfluidic channels and different modes of droplet generation are summarized. Non-confined microfluidic geometries used for buoyancy-driven drop generation and membrane integrated microfluidics are also discussed. The review includes parallelization and drop splitting strategies for scaling up microfluidic emulsification. The productivity of a single drop maker is typically <1 mL/h; thus, more than 1000 drop makers are needed to achieve commercially relevant droplet throughputs of >1 L/h, which requires combining drop makers into two-dimensional (2D) and 3D assemblies fed from a single set of inlet ports through a network of distribution and collection channels.

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Section: Microfluidic Fabrication Of Multiple Emulsionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microfluidic Production of Multiple Emulsions

2017

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“…This process is the most suitable to fabricate 2D (or monolithic) devices. The fabrication of 3D geometries within these microchannels would require layer‐by‐layer process and deliberate alignment, and the process is time consuming and unpractical for researchers without appropriate experiences . Recent advances in additive manufacturing technologies have paved a way to fabricate microfluidic devices with 3D design of channels .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent advances in additive manufacturing technologies have paved a way to fabricate microfluidic devices with 3D design of channels . Examples of additive manufacturing include selective laser sintering, stereolithography (SLA), laminated object manufacturing, inkjet printing of photopolymer, and fused deposition modeling . Generally, these additive manufacturing technologies require a 3D computer‐aided design (CAD) model of interest transformed into a computer code describing the model sliced in layers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication of 3D Microfluidic Channels and In‐Channel Features Using 3D Printed, Water‐Soluble Sacrificial Mold

Goh

Hashimoto

2018

Macro Materials & Eng

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Recent advent of additive manufacturing potentiates the fabrication of microchannels, albeit with limitations in resolution of printed structures, freedom of geometry, and choice of printable materials. Herein, a method is developed by sacrificial molding to fabricate microchannels in various polymer matrices and geometries. This method allows for rapid fabrication of 3D microchannels and channels harboring intricate in‐channel features. The method uses commercially available fused deposition modeling 3D printer and filament made of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). Mechanically stable molds are fabricated for 3D microchannels that can be completely removed in water. Importantly, the PVA mold is stable and resilient in hydrogels despite being hygroscopic. Perfusion channels are fabricated in biocompatible substrates such as gelatin and poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate. Fabrication of the network of 3D multilayer microchannels is demonstrated by preassembling sacrificial molds from modular pieces of molds. Intricate staggered‐herringbones grooves (SHGs) are also fabricated within microchannels to produce micromixers. The versatility and resilience of the method developed here is advantageous for biological and chemical applications that require 3D configurations of microchannels in various matrices, which would not be compatible with fabrication by direct 3D printing and softlithography.

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“…To overcome these problems, we have developed a simple rapid prototype manufacturing method based on soft lithography with a UV-curable polymer for high throughput 3D fabrication [9,10]. The method adopted a thiol-ene reaction-based microfabrication.…”

Section: Fabrication Of Three-dimensional Microstructuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since the concept of a µTAS is an integrated device of all required processes for analysis, it is important to improve existing technology, develop new material and fabrication method, and install novel technologies for making the devices. This review focuses on our recent works for miniaturization of separation methods [9][10][11][12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Microfluidic Components for Micro Total Analysis Systems

Naito

2020

Chromatography

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Microfluidic device is capable of reducing amount of sample consumption, shortening the analysis time, and miniaturizing instruments. Many applications of microfluidic devices have been developed not only in chemical analysis but also in medical diagnosis, and the food and agricultural industries. Electrophoresis or chromatography in a microfluidic device has improved the speed, reproducibility and separation resolution. Some of them have been integrated with complex experimental functionality on a small substrate, of which concept is known as micro total analysis systems. To build up a system, microfluidic components that carry out an experimental functionality in a microfluidic channel and novel technology to support the developments of microfluidic components are indispensable. In this review, three-dimensional (3D) fabrication by thiol-ene quick reaction, sample injection with an inkjet ejector, and molecular detection based on electroosmosis are focused briefly. The 3D fabrication realizes to make various 3D microstructures that conventional fabrication method cannot make without specific equipment. The sample injection by using inkjet technology can apply tiny amount of sample solution into multiple microfluidic channel on some precise spots, which leads to rapid analysis with high accuracy. The electroosmosis-based molecular detection indicates a possibility to develop a new portable device without any peripherals for detection or pretreatment for specimen labeling.

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Three-Dimensional Fabrication for Microfluidics by Conventional Techniques and Equipment Used in Mass Production

Cited by 11 publications

References 56 publications

Microfluidic Production of Multiple Emulsions

Microfluidic Production of Multiple Emulsions

Fabrication of 3D Microfluidic Channels and In‐Channel Features Using 3D Printed, Water‐Soluble Sacrificial Mold

Development of Microfluidic Components for Micro Total Analysis Systems

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