Three-dimensional Dynamic Simulator for Blast Furnace.

Takatani, Kouji; Inada, Takanobu; Ujisawa, Yutaka

doi:10.2355/isijinternational.39.15

Cited by 81 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…For the evaluation, the three mathematical simulators, that is 3-dimensional dynamic simulator for evaluating the conditions of working zone of blast furnace, 6) such as material flow, temperature distribution and so on, and Mechanical stress simulator of packed bed in furnace 7) were used and were interlinked to evaluate various aspects relevant to blast furnace performance. 8) In the evaluation, the blast furnace of inner furnace volume 3 000 m 3 was chosen to be a target, and the furnace profile conditions were set according to Table 1.…”

Section: Outlines Of Evaluation Process and Calculation Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Blast Furnace Profile on Inner Furnace States

Inada¹,

Takata

Takatani³

et al. 2003

ISIJ International

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The effects of blast furnace profile on operation are investigated. The investigation is made by use of mathematical simulation models that are able to evaluate the operational conditions as follows: pressure drop, fuel rate and stability against channeling. The considerable number of furnace profiles are evaluated under the condition that inner volume, furnace height and hearth diameter have been given. In this investigation, geometrical parameters of furnace profile on furnace condition are clarified, and the better furnace profile for the furnace condition is shown.KEY WORDS: blast furnace; mathematical model; furnace profile; productivity; pressure drop; fuel rate; stress in packed bed; mass and heat transfer; fluid flow.

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Section: Outlines Of Evaluation Process and Calculation Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Blast Furnace Profile on Inner Furnace States

Inada¹,

Takata

Takatani³

et al. 2003

ISIJ International

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“…(1) is due to external forces such as body forces, which arise through the gravitational forces. Furthermore, is also due to inter-phase interactions which arise through chemical reactions [5][6][7]9) or surface interactions. Chen et al 4) included the friction force between particles and wall or deadman to the source term in addition to the body force.…”

Section: Source Termmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The continuum approach assumes that all the phases in the furnace behave like a continuum medium and is based on a local average principle. [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] On the other hand, the discrete method is based on the Newton's second law of motion and is focused on the behavior of each and all individual particles in the system. [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30] The discrete element method (DEM) is originally developed by Cundall and Strack 31) and is very effective to model granular materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mathematical Model of Solid Flow Behavior in a Real Dimension Blast Furnace

et al. 2013

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A mathematical model based on the continuum mechanic concept has been developed to describe the profile of solid particles in an industrial scale blast furnace with respect to the in-furnace conditions and its characteristics such as the shape and size of the deadman. The Navier-Stokes differential equation for multi-phase multi-dimensional space has been used to describe the behavior of existing phases. The surface stress tensor has been defined as an extra term and added to the Navier-Stokes equation to describe the particle-particle interactions. This extra term in the Navier-Stokes equation behave as a breaking force when the particles are sliding down. It is shown that the particles change their profile from a V-shape to a W-shape due to the characteristics of the deadman. Moreover, the velocity magnitude is higher at the outer surface of the deadman for higher grid-slabs in this region than the near-wall cells. However, the situation changes as solid particles moving to even lower level of grid-slabs at the outer surface of the deadman in comparison to near-wall cells. It has also been shown that an increase in the magnitude of the effective pressure reduces the velocity magnitude of descending particles.

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“…These developments include: i) inclusion of more phases 38,134) and more chemical species and chemical reactions 135) in the BF modelling; ii) development of models to take into account the dynamic and static holdups for liquid and powder phases 108,126,136) ; and iii) implementation of more comprehensive models, e.g. three-dimensional steady 137) or transient 26,138) model.…”

Section: Process Simulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…25) Process modelling has also been developed rapidly: now the BF ironmaking can be modelled as a three-dimensional transient process. 26) Some progress recently made in this direction has been discussed by Takatani 27) and Nogami. 28) This paper reviews these developments, with reference to the formulation, validation and application of the mathematical models newly proposed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling of Multiphase Flow in a Blast Furnace: Recent Developments and Future Work

et al. 2007

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An ironmaking blast furnace is a complex multiphase flow reactor involving gas, powder, liquid and solid phases. Understanding the flow behaviour of these phases is of paramount importance to the control and optimization of the process. Mathematical modelling, often coupled with physical modelling, plays an important role in this development. Yagi 1) gave a comprehensive review of the early studies in this area in 1993. Significant progress has since been made, partially driven by the needs in research but mainly as a result of the rapid development of computer and computational technologies. This paper reviews these developments, covering the formulation, validation and application of mathematical models for gas-solid, gas-liquid, gas-powder and multiphase flows. The need for further developments is also discussed.KEY WORDS: ironmaking; blast furnace; multiphase flow; two fluid model; discrete element method. Review development. Mathematical ModellingGenerally speaking, the existing approaches to modelling the multiphase flow in a BF can be classified into two categories: continuum approach at a macroscopic level and discrete approach at a microscopic level. In the continuum approach, phases are generally considered as fully interpenetrating continuum media and described by separate conservation equations with appropriate constitutive relations and interaction terms representing the coupling between phases. The general governing equations are based on the so-called two fluid model (TFM), originally developed for gas-particle flow, [29][30][31] given by:Conservation The so-called Model A and Model B result from the treatment of the fluid pressure. For example, for gas-solid flow, Model A assumes the pressure is shared between the two phases, while in Model B, the pressure is attributed to gas phase only. 31) Model A formulation has been widely used in multiphase modelling, especially in process metallurgy. Model B formulation was recently used in the so called combined continuum and discrete method for coupled flow of continuum fluid and discrete particles. 32) The continuum approach is suitable for process modelling and applied research because of its computational convenience and efficiency. Indeed, most of the BF modelling is based on this approach. However, its effective use heavily depends on constitutive or closure relations and the momentum exchange between phases. For Newtonian fluids (gas and liquid here), these relations can be readily determined. For non-Newtonian fluids such as solids and powder, general theories are not yet available. In the past, various theories have been devised for different flow regimes (three flow regimes have been identified: quasi-static regime, rapid flow regime and a transitional regime that lies inbetween). For example, models have been proposed to derive the constitutive equations for the rate-independent deformation of granular materials based on either the plasticity theory or the double shearing theory; the rapid flow of granular materials has been described by extend...

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Three-dimensional Dynamic Simulator for Blast Furnace.

Cited by 81 publications

References 2 publications

Effect of Blast Furnace Profile on Inner Furnace States

Effect of Blast Furnace Profile on Inner Furnace States

Mathematical Model of Solid Flow Behavior in a Real Dimension Blast Furnace

Modelling of Multiphase Flow in a Blast Furnace: Recent Developments and Future Work

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