Three-Dimensional Computation of the Effects of the Swirl Ratio in Direct-Injection Diesel Engines on NOx and Soot Emissions

Ogawa, Hiroshi; Matsui, Yukio; Kimura, Shuji; Kawashima, Junichi

doi:10.4271/961125

Cited by 26 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Finally, when the swirl ratio is very high (3.15) the sprays produced by the six holes of the nozzle interfere producing an additional increasing of soot. These results are consistent with numerical results found by Ogawa et al [4].…”

Section: Figure 5 -Emission Levels Versus Initial Swirl Ratiosupporting

confidence: 94%

“…However, the numerical simulation carried out by Ogawa et al [4] proved that for a swirl ratio of 9.0, soot emissions were higher than in the case of swirl ratio of 7.0, whereas NO x level remained almost constant suggesting that 7.0 is the optimum swirl ratio for minimizing soot emissions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ogawa et al [4] investigated the effects of swirl ratio on combustion characteristics, NO x and soot emissions by using a computational code named TurboKIVA. The experimental investigations showed that the heat release rate of the initial diffusion combustion increases and that the combustion period decreases as the swirl ratio increases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Theoretical Investigation on the Influence of Physical Parameters on Soot and NOx Engine Emissions

Risi

Donateo

Laforgia

2001

Volume 2: In-Cylinder Processes: Fuel Spray, Flow, Ignition, Combustion, and Emission Formation

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CFD simulations need a certain number of parameters to calibrate both empirical and analytical models. The present investigation aims at identifying the effects of these parameters on the numerical prediction of a modified version of Kiva 3V code, which includes the use of the RNG k-ε model for turbulence, the gas/wall convective heat transfer model proposed by Han, Kelvin-Helmholtz Rayleigh-Taylor spray injection and breakup models. Ignition delay was modeled with the Shell model, whereas the laminar-turbulent characteristic time model was used for combustion. Soot formation and oxidation were calculated using Hiroyasu and Nagle and Strickland-Constable models, respectively. NOx was predicted by using the extended Zel’dovich mechanism. This study was carried out for a common-rail direct injection, small-bore Diesel engine, including the investigation of both numerical and physical parameters. Numerical parameters are intended to be variables related to breakup, turbulence, and combustion models that are adjusted according to grid resolution, engine and injection system geometry, and operating conditions. In particular, the effect of laminar and turbulent time scales, characteristic breakup length and time scales, initial turbulence kinetic energy density, initial swirl velocity profile, on engine emissions was analyzed. The investigated physical parameters were initial swirl ratio, air water content, Schmidt number for mass diffusion. All simulations were performed by changing one of the above parameters at each run and keeping approximately the same pressure and heat release rate curves. Results show that similar pressure vs. crank angle curves can be obtained with different values of these parameters but they lead to very different values of predicted emissions levels. In particular, changes of laminar and turbulent characteristic time resulted in a strong influence on NOx emissions but their effects on soot levels were minor. Mass diffusion characteristics (e.g. Schmidt number) were found to strongly affect both soot and NOx emissions. Spray parameters were found mainly to affect soot formation. Furthermore, NOx and soot emissions showed a dependence on swirl ratio and velocity profile.

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Section: Figure 5 -Emission Levels Versus Initial Swirl Ratiosupporting

confidence: 94%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Theoretical Investigation on the Influence of Physical Parameters on Soot and NOx Engine Emissions

Risi

Donateo

Laforgia

2001

Volume 2: In-Cylinder Processes: Fuel Spray, Flow, Ignition, Combustion, and Emission Formation

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show abstract

“…To confirm this assumption, the distribution of equivalent ratio in cylinder with a three-dimensional simulation code; Turbo-KIVA [11], was used. Figure 13.8 shows the calculated results as a function of the swirl ratio.…”

Section: Experimental Measurement Of Transient Heat Fluxmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-temperature and premixed combustion concept with late injection

Kimura

2007

HCCI and CAI Engines for the Automotive Industry

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“…2 Geometries of the combustion chambers (8) 는 세 가지 피스톤 보울 형상에 Fig.4 (a) A-나타난다 로부터 피스톤 타입과 타입 . Fig.4 (d (11) 은 연소실 내 유 동장의 난류 강도를 증가시킨다 에서 타 . Fig.…”

unclassified

Influence of piston bowl geometry on the in-cylinder flow of HCCI Engine

Nam¹,

Lee²

2013

Journal of Energy Engineering

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Three-Dimensional Computation of the Effects of the Swirl Ratio in Direct-Injection Diesel Engines on NOx and Soot Emissions

Cited by 26 publications

References 5 publications

Theoretical Investigation on the Influence of Physical Parameters on Soot and NOx Engine Emissions

Theoretical Investigation on the Influence of Physical Parameters on Soot and NOx Engine Emissions

Low-temperature and premixed combustion concept with late injection

Influence of piston bowl geometry on the in-cylinder flow of HCCI Engine

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