“…In an evaluation of 140 shoulders of patients who were a mean age of 75 years, Iannotti et al (1992) reported a mean glenoid height of 39 mm, a mean upper glenoid width of 23 mm and a mean lower glenoid width of 29 mm, consistent with our findings. If we compare our results with the Japanese and French samples of Mizuno et al (2017), our glenoid width is larger than the Japanese cohort, but smaller than the French, so we must consider ethnic differences in this type of measurement. However, the glenoid height is greater in both cases, so the glenoid of the Chilean population is more elongated.…”
Glenoid morphology is a key factor in determining the success of shoulder surgery. The purpose of this experimental study was to precisely determine the anatomical size and orientation of the glenoid in the Chilean population. 122 CT scans from asymptomatic Chilean patients were obtained. The mean age was 43.8 years (SD 12.3; range, 17-53 years) with 63 female and 59 male patients. For each of the scapulae, were obtained the glenoid version and inclination, maximum glenoid width and height, superior glenoid width, glenoid surface area, glenoid vault depth, and maximum scapular width. The glenoid size showed an average width of 26 ± 2.7 mm, a height of 40.3 ± 3.5 mm and a vault depth of 26.5 ± 3.7 mm. There were significant differences between men and women. The glenoid orientation showed an average of -13.9 ± 4.8° of retroversion and a superior inclination of 11.1 ± 4.7°. Significant differences between men and women were seen only for version. We conclude, that in this Chilean sample the morphological parameters of the glenoid correspond to the published literature, however, some characteristics in this cohort must be further confirmed using other methods.
“…In an evaluation of 140 shoulders of patients who were a mean age of 75 years, Iannotti et al (1992) reported a mean glenoid height of 39 mm, a mean upper glenoid width of 23 mm and a mean lower glenoid width of 29 mm, consistent with our findings. If we compare our results with the Japanese and French samples of Mizuno et al (2017), our glenoid width is larger than the Japanese cohort, but smaller than the French, so we must consider ethnic differences in this type of measurement. However, the glenoid height is greater in both cases, so the glenoid of the Chilean population is more elongated.…”
Glenoid morphology is a key factor in determining the success of shoulder surgery. The purpose of this experimental study was to precisely determine the anatomical size and orientation of the glenoid in the Chilean population. 122 CT scans from asymptomatic Chilean patients were obtained. The mean age was 43.8 years (SD 12.3; range, 17-53 years) with 63 female and 59 male patients. For each of the scapulae, were obtained the glenoid version and inclination, maximum glenoid width and height, superior glenoid width, glenoid surface area, glenoid vault depth, and maximum scapular width. The glenoid size showed an average width of 26 ± 2.7 mm, a height of 40.3 ± 3.5 mm and a vault depth of 26.5 ± 3.7 mm. There were significant differences between men and women. The glenoid orientation showed an average of -13.9 ± 4.8° of retroversion and a superior inclination of 11.1 ± 4.7°. Significant differences between men and women were seen only for version. We conclude, that in this Chilean sample the morphological parameters of the glenoid correspond to the published literature, however, some characteristics in this cohort must be further confirmed using other methods.
“…Recent literature on the glenoid version is almost completely focused on how to regain the version that guarantees joint stability during arthroplasty in patients with glenohumeral arthropathy and glenoid bone deficits. 14–18 It has been confined to saying that there is a large individual variability in the glenoid version, 19–22 which is commonly defined as the most variable parameter of the shoulder joint. Our doubt was: are intrinsic genetic factors or influences from extrinsic sources responsible for this variability?…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Mizuno et al. 21 and Piponov et al. 22 found that the glenoid version differs in various ethnicities and genders.…”
Background Glenoid version is the most variable parameter of the shoulder joint. No authors investigated if intrinsic genetic factors or influences from extrinsic sources are responsible for its variability. Aim We compared glenoid version between elderly monozygotic and dizygotic twins intending to separate the contributions of genetics from shared and unique environments. Methods Glenoid version of the dominant shoulder was assessed by MRI using Friedman’s method in 30 pairs of elderly twins (16 monozygotic–14 dizygotic; mean age ± SD: 63.72 ± 3.37, 53–72). Heritability was estimated as twice the difference between the intraclass correlation coefficients for monozygotic and dizygotic pairs. The influence of shared environment was calculated as the difference between monozygotic correlation coefficient and the heritability index. According to job category, one way analysis of variance was used to estimate the differences between groups in the total sample and within zygosity groups. Results Glenoid version angle in monozygotic and dizygotic twins was −2° (SD: 2°) and −3° (SD: 3°), respectively (p = 0.334). Heritability index was 0.98, while the contributions of shared and unique environment were 0 and 0.02, respectively. According to working classes, no significant differences were found between the groups (p = 0.732, F = 0.31). Conclusions Glenoid version is mainly genetically determined and only marginally influenced by environments. Level of evidence: III.
“…Glenoid inclination was the angle between the anatomical axis and the axial anatomical plane ( Fig. 4B ) [ 2 , 9 ].…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Recently, several studies have indicated that measurement using three-dimensional (3D)-reconstructed bone models (3D measurement) for glenoid version and inclination is more accurate than 2D measurement [ 4 , 7 , 8 ]. More advanced analysis using software allows analysis of the scapula regardless of orientation [ 9 ]. Therefore, this study was performed to compare glenoid version and inclination in 2D and 3D measurements.…”
Background: This study was performed to compare glenoid version and inclination measured using two-dimensional (2D) images from computed tomography (CT) scans or three-dimensional (3D) reconstructed bone models.Methods: Thirty patients who had undergone conventional CT scans were included. Two orthopedic surgeons measured glenoid version and inclination three times on 2D images from CT scans (2D measurement), and two other orthopedic surgeons performed the same measurements using 3D reconstructed bone models (3D measurement). The 3D-reconstructed bone models were acquired and measured with Mimics and 3-Matics (Materialise).Results: Mean glenoid version and inclination in 2D measurements were –1.705º and 9.08º, respectively, while those in 3D measurements were 2.635º and 7.23º. The intra-observer reliability in 2D measurements was 0.605 and 0.698, respectively, while that in 3D measurements was 0.883 and 0.892. The inter-observer reliability in 2D measurements was 0.456 and 0.374, respectively, while those in 3D measurements was 0.853 and 0.845.Conclusions: The difference between 2D and 3D measurements is not due to differences in image data but to the use of different tools. However, more consistent results were obtained in 3D measurement. Therefore, 3D measurement can be a good alternative for measuring glenoid version and inclination.
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