Three-dimensional angioarchitecture of spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas, with special reference to the intradural retrograde venous drainage system

Takai, Keisuke; Kin, Taichi; Oyama, Hiroshi; Shojima, Masaaki; Saito, Nobuhito

doi:10.3171/2013.1.spine12305

Cited by 28 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…For example, the angioarchitecture of dural AVFs in the thoracic region differs from that in conus/lumbar lesions. 25) The proposed classification system does not include anatomical differences at each spinal level. Furthermore, there may be another type of spinal AV shunt that does not fit any type of this classification.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spinal Arteriovenous Shunts: Angioarchitecture and Historical Changes in Classification

Takai

2017

Neurol. Med. Chir.(Tokyo)

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The purposes of this study were to review historical changes in the classification of spinal arteriovenous (AV) shunts and to propose a practical classification system. The associated literature regarding the classification of spinal AV shunts was reviewed in the angiography era between 1967 and 2015. The classification systems of spinal AV shunts and a proposed classification system were presented with neuroradiological imaging and medical illustrations. There have been seven major classification systems based on the evolution of diagnostic methods as well as treatments for spinal AV shunts: the first description of spinal AV shunts diagnosed and classified using spinal angiography in 1971; the second classification based on a case report of intradural direct perimedullary arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) treated by microsurgery in 1987; the third classification based on a case series of intradural perimedullary AVFs treated by endovascular interventions in 1993; the fourth and fifth classification systems based on a case series of spinal AVFs and arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) treated by microsurgery or endovascular interventions in 2002; the sixth classification based on a case series of cranio-spinal dural AV shunts in 2009; and the seventh classification based on a case series of extradural AVFs treated by microsurgery and endovascular interventions in 2011. Based on historical reports, the author proposed a classification system according to the sites (dural, intradural, and extradural) and types (AVF and AVM) of AV shunts. By learning the historical background, we may obtain a clearer understanding of the complex and confusing classification system of spinal AV shunts.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spinal Arteriovenous Shunts: Angioarchitecture and Historical Changes in Classification

Takai

2017

Neurol. Med. Chir.(Tokyo)

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“… 20 The vertebral venous plexus has been classically divided into an internal (intradural) vertebral plexus (which possesses an anterior and a posterior component) and an external (or epidural) vertebral plexus. Recently, it has been demonstrated that the epidural vertebral plexus is closely connected to the intracranial venous sinuses in what could be described as the cerebrospinal venous system, 21 or the so-called extradural neural axis compartment. 22…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute Spinal Subdural Hematoma after Vertebroplasty: A Case Report Emphasizing the Possible Etiologic Role of Venous Congestion

Mattei¹,

Rehman

Dinh

2015

Global Spine Journal

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Study Design Case report and literature review. Objective Spinal subdural hematomas are rare events that often progress with severe neurologic deficits. Although there have been several case reports in the literature of spontaneous spinal subdural hematomas in the setting of anticoagulation, antiplatelet therapy, or coagulation disorders, the exact pathophysiology of such phenomena remains obscure. Methods We present the first report of a subdural hematoma after a percutaneous vertebroplasty and provide a comprehensive review on the anatomy of venous drainage of the vertebral bodies with emphasis on the possible effects of venous congestion caused by cement obstruction. Results Because the subdural hematoma occurred in the absence of major cement extravasation to the spinal canal and two levels above the site of the vertebroplasty, we discuss the possible role of venous congestion as the main etiologic factor leading to rupture of the fragile, valveless radiculomedullary veins into the subdural space. Conclusions The reported case supports a possible new pathophysiological scheme for the development of spinal subdural hematoma in which venous congestion plays a pivotal etiologic role. The reported findings suggests that future anatomical and histologic studies investigating the response of the radiculomedullary veins to congestive venous hypertension may shed new light into the pathophysiology of spinal subdural hematomas.

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“…Hiu et al [11] used 3DRA to obtain reliable visualization of fistulous points in patients with SDAVF and reported that detailed information including small vessels and osseous structures could be delineated. Takai et al [12] investigated the relationship between the major intradural retrograde venous drainage system and intradural neural structures by using operative video recordings and 3DRA images, and found spinal dural AVFs are not always dorsal types. Suh et al [13] also demonstrated 3DRA for evaluating angioarchitecture in patients with SDAVF.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using DynaCT rotational angiography for angioarchitecture evaluation and complication detection in spinal vascular diseases

Li¹,

Hong²,

Xv³

et al. 2015

Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery

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Three-dimensional angioarchitecture of spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas, with special reference to the intradural retrograde venous drainage system

Cited by 28 publications

References 25 publications

Spinal Arteriovenous Shunts: Angioarchitecture and Historical Changes in Classification

Spinal Arteriovenous Shunts: Angioarchitecture and Historical Changes in Classification

Acute Spinal Subdural Hematoma after Vertebroplasty: A Case Report Emphasizing the Possible Etiologic Role of Venous Congestion

Using DynaCT rotational angiography for angioarchitecture evaluation and complication detection in spinal vascular diseases

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