Three-dimensional (3D) printed endovascular simulation models: a feasibility study

Abstract

Initial data supports the value of 3D printed endovascular models although further educational validation is required.

Impact of image reconstruction parameters when using 3D DSA reconstructions to measure intracranial aneurysms

“…Flow models were designed from these files in 3-Matic (Materialise, Leuven, Belgium) and 3D printed (Form 2, Formlabs, Somerville, Massachusetts, USA) to produce physical patient-specific aneurysm models (figure 1). A similar procedure was recently suggested by Mafeld et al 3 to produce 3D printed endovascular models for education and training purposes.…”

Simulation and Training of Needle Puncture Procedure with a Patient-Specific 3D Printed Gluteal Artery Model

“…In light of negative results, there has been a push for new teaching methods. The introduction of training on simulators resulted in a paradigm shift from "see one, do one, teach one" to "see one, sim many, do one" [13][14][15]. Classically, the simulations were performed on human and animal corpses, then with the assistance of virtual reality simulators [16].…”

“…For this reason, the only way to access such tools is to use 3D printing. The advantages of physical, printed simulators include better haptic parameters, such as pushability, torqueability, and trackability [13].…”

The Value of Simulation in Interventional Radiology

“…50,51 Creating tactile 3D models of patient anatomy from volumetric imaging data has had useful applications across a wide array of medical specialties in assisting anatomical understanding, diagnostics, and preprocedural planning. 50 Within IR, 3D printing renderings of patient anatomy have been particularly useful for planning and simulating complex endovascular interventions [51][52][53][54][55] and have been shown to create a rather realistic anthropomorphic phantom with which to simulate CT-guided interventions. 56 Beyond mere preprocedural planning, however, more widespread applications have been suggested for 3D printing, including the creation of customized instruments and implanted devices tailored to patients' specific anatomy and clinical needs.…”