Stone coal was successfully used to synergistically treat stainless steel slag (SSS) to recover both chromium (Cr) and vanadium (V). The alloy with a Cr grade of 70.84% and a V grade of 2.36% can be obtained by keeping SSS and stone coal at a ratio of 50 : 31 at 1600 °C for 120 min. The corresponding recovery rates of Cr and V are as high as 99.51% and 81.25%, respectively. And the content of Cr2O3 in reduced slag is only 0.49%. It thus provides a new idea for the co-processing application of two solid wastes: SSS and stone coal in increasing economic potential and solving environmental issues.