Three different GB virus C/hepatitis G virus genotypes

Mukaide, Motokazu; Mizokami, Masashi; Orito, Etsuro; Ohba, Ken‐ichi; Nakano, Tatsunori; Ueda, Ryuzo; Hikiji, Kazumasa; Iino, Shiro; Shapiro, Sarah; Lahat, Nitza; Park, Young-Min; Kim, Boo-Sung; Oyunsuren, Tsendsuren; Rezieg, M; Al‐Ahdal, Mohammed N.; Lau, Johnson Y.N.

doi:10.1016/s0014-5793(97)00136-1

Cited by 60 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 13 publications

(13 reference statements)

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“…relationships were present when the analysis was performed without the inclusion of the deletant isolates. The tree is consistent with previous phylogenetic analyses demonstrating geographical clustering of genotypes 1-3 with West Africa, Europe/USA, and Asia, respectively [Muerhoff et al, 1996b;Mukaide et al, 1997]. The statistical reliability of the tree was confirmed by bootstrap analysis (Fig.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Although minor variation in the 5ЈNCRs is well established [Muerhoff et al, 1996a;Hsieh et al, 1997;Mukaide et al, 1997], this study documents the first major deletion found in the 5ЈNCR of certain GBV-C/HGV isolates. Our data suggest that the bases between 303 and 444 may be non-essential for viral regulation and IRES preservation.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 51%

“…Data from Africa and South America show a greater GBV-C/HGV prevalence than that seen in developed countries Tucker et al, 1997;Bassit et al, 1998], and recent analysis has suggested that GBV-C/HGV may be of African origin [Tanaka et al, 1998]. Phylogenetic analyses of both coding and non-coding regions demonstrate the presence of three genotypes, which show consistent geographical clustering with West Africa, USA/Europe, and Asia [Muerhoff et al, 1996b;Muerhoff et al, 1997;Mukaide et al, 1997;Okamoto et al, 1997;Katayama et al, 1998]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most conserved regions of both GBV-C/HGV and HCV are their 5Ј non-coding regions (5ЈNCR), making these the most sensitive targets for viral detection by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) [Muerhoff et al, 1996a;Mukaide et al, 1997]. The extreme 5Ј portion of the 5ЈNCR of GBV-C/HGV has been described [Hsieh et al, 1997].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular characterization of the 5? non-coding region of South African GBV-C/HGV isolates: Major deletion and evidence for a fourth genotype

et al. 1999

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GB virus C/hepatitis G virus (GBV-C/HGV) has been characterised as a novel flavivirus, and to date three known genotypes have been cloned. Greater genetic variation of GBV-C/HGV has been demonstrated in West African isolates, but no major deletions have been shown in the 5' non-coding region (NCR). The 5'NCR regulates protein translation via an internal ribosomal entry site (IRES). We cloned, sequenced, and analysed a 344-bp polymerase chain reaction (PCR) product, representing >60% of the 5'NCR, from 32 GBV-C/HGV PCR-positive volunteers. Wild-type virus amplicons were detected in all samples. However, 5/32 (15.6%) also amplified another fragment of between 205 and 231 bp. Sequence analysis showed all cloned PCR fragments to be GBV-C/HGV-specific. A typical deletion of 113-131 bp with minor variation was detected in isolates generating the smaller bands. RNA secondary structure analysis showed the deletions to be over domains II and III. This finding suggests that nucleotides 303-444 may be non-essential for 5'NCR functioning. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated a novel fourth South African genotype, distinct from genotypes 1-3 with DNA distances of >0.1000. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) values for the wild-type and mutant samples were normal. This study documents the first major deletion in the 5'NCR of GBV-C/HGV, and suggests that bases 303-444 may not be essential for viral replication and ribosomal entry. A fourth GBV-C/HGV genotype appears to predominate in South Africa.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 51%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular characterization of the 5? non-coding region of South African GBV-C/HGV isolates: Major deletion and evidence for a fourth genotype

et al. 1999

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“…GBV-C/HGV RNA was detected by nested RT-PCR using primers targeting the 5′ UTR as described previously [24]. …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology and Clinical Significance of Chronic Hepatitis-Related Viruses Infection in Hemodialysis Patients from Taiwan

Dai

Yu²,

Chuang³

et al. 2002

Nephron

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Background/Aims: A novel DNA virus which was designated TT virus (TTV) in 1997 was considered a possible hepatitis-related virus, like hepatitis C (HCV), hepatitis B (HBV) and GB virus C/hepatitis G viruses (GBV-C/HGV). In the present study, the molecular epidemiology and clinical significance of TTV, GBV-C/HGV and HCV infection in hemodialysis patients from Taiwan are investigated. Methods: Sera of 85 patients on maintenance hemodialysis were tested for alanine aminotransferase (ALT), hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), second-generation HCV antibody (anti-HCV), anti-envelope protein 2 antibody (anti-E2) and RNA of GBV-C/HGV, HCV RNA and TTV DNA. Sera of patients with positive TTV DNA, GBV-C/HGV RNA or HCV RNA were tested for viruses 2 years later. Results: Seven (8.2%) 29 (34.1%), 21 (24.7%), 12 (14.1%) and 9 (10.6%) hemodialysis patients were positive for HBsAg, Anti-HCV, HCV RNA, GBV-C/HGV RNA and anti-E2, respectively. TTV DNA was positive in 46 (54.1%) patients. Neither clinical nor virological factors were associated with TTV viremia. The ALT level was significantly elevated in HCV RNA-positive individuals than –negative ones (34.5 vs. 12.5%, p < 0.05). TTV DNA, GBV-C/HGV RNA and HCV RNA remained detectable in sera of 31 (86.1%), 6 (50%) and 21 (100%) patients collected 2 years after first diagnosis of viremia. Conclusion: Among Taiwanese hemodialysis patients, TTV infection is highly prevalent. No clinical or virological factor was observed to be significantly associated with TTV infection. The ALT abnormality was mainly attributable to HCV but not TTV infection in Taiwanese hemodialysis patients.

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Epidemiological study and genetic analysis of GB virus C infection in general population from an area endemic for hepatitis C

et al. 1998

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The aim of this work was to study the prevalence, potential risk factors, clinical and laboratory features of GB virus C (GBV-C) infection in general population from an area endemic for hepatitis C. A reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for detection of GBV-C RNA was used to examine the prevalence of GBV-C RNA in both hepatitis C virus (HCV) endemic (R town) and nonendemic areas (M town) in Yamagata prefecture, Japan. In R town, GBV-C RNA was detected in 23 (2.9%) out of the 800 residents, whereas anti-HCV and HCV-RNA were found in 226 (28.3%) and 163 (20.4%), respectively. The prevalence of GBV-C RNA in R town (2.9%) was higher than that in M town (1.0%), although the difference was not statistically significant. The individuals with anti-HCV had significantly higher frequency of active GBV-C-infection than those without anti-HCV in both towns. No evidence indicating that GBV-C infection affected the severity of hepatitis C was obtained. The multivariate analysis revealed that the young anti-HCV positive individuals with a history of blood transfusion had higher incidence of active GBV-C infection. The phylogenetic analysis showed that the GBV-C isolates from both R and M towns were divided into two separate branch groups designated HG and Asia GB groups.

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Three different GB virus C/hepatitis G virus genotypes

Cited by 60 publications

References 13 publications

Molecular characterization of the 5? non-coding region of South African GBV-C/HGV isolates: Major deletion and evidence for a fourth genotype

Molecular characterization of the 5? non-coding region of South African GBV-C/HGV isolates: Major deletion and evidence for a fourth genotype

Epidemiology and Clinical Significance of Chronic Hepatitis-Related Viruses Infection in Hemodialysis Patients from Taiwan

Epidemiological study and genetic analysis of GB virus C infection in general population from an area endemic for hepatitis C

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