Three decades of sperm competition in birds

Birkhead, Tim R.; Montgomerie, Robert

doi:10.1098/rstb.2020.0208

Cited by 28 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…These questions can be addressed by genotyping both the donor material and the surrogate host offspring to measure the transmission frequencies of multiple genotypes for several local breeds of chicken. In animal species, it is hypothesised that sperm competition occurs when multiple males mate individual females ( Amann et al, 2018 ; Birkhead and Montgomerie, 2020 ). In this case, we may observe that donor germ cells of different genotypes do not compete equally during gametogenesis in the gonad of an individual host cockerel.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A low-tech, cost-effective and efficient method for safeguarding genetic diversity by direct cryopreservation of poultry embryonic reproductive cells

Taylor

Sherman

et al. 2022

eLife

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Chickens are an important resource for smallholder farmers who raise locally adapted, genetically distinct breeds for eggs and meat. The development of efficient reproductive technologies to conserve and regenerate chicken breeds safeguards existing biodiversity and secures poultry genetic resources for climate resilience, biosecurity, and future food production. The majority of the over 1600 breeds of chicken are raised in low and lower to middle income countries under resource-limited, small-scale production systems, which necessitates a low-tech, cost-effective means of conserving diversity is needed. Here, we validate a simple biobanking technique using cryopreserved embryonic chicken gonads. The gonads are quickly isolated, visually sexed, pooled by sex, and cryopreserved. Subsequently, the stored material is thawed and dissociated before injection into sterile host chicken embryos. By using pooled GFP and RFP-labelled donor gonadal cells and Sire Dam Surrogate mating, we demonstrate that chicks deriving entirely from male and female donor germ cells are hatched. This technology will enable ongoing efforts to conserve chicken genetic diversity for both commercial and smallholder farmers, and to preserve existing genetic resources at poultry research facilities.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A low-tech, cost-effective and efficient method for safeguarding genetic diversity by direct cryopreservation of poultry embryonic reproductive cells

Taylor

Sherman

et al. 2022

eLife

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This question can be addressed by genotyping both the donor material and the surrogate host offspring to measure the transmission frequencies of multiple genotypes. In animal species, it is hypothesised that sperm competition occurs when multiple males mate individual females (Amann, Saacke et al 2018, Birkhead and Montgomerie 2020). In this case, we may observe that donor germ cells of different genotypes do not compete equally during gametogenesis in an individual host cockerel.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct cryopreservation of poultry/avian embryonic reproductive cells: A low-tech, cost-effective and efficient method for safeguarding genetic diversity

Taylor

Sherman

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Chickens are an important resource for smallholder farmers who raise locally adapted, genetically distinct breeds for eggs and meat. The development of efficient reproductive technologies to conserve and regenerate chicken breeds safeguards existing biodiversity and secures poultry genetic resources for climate resilience, biosecurity, and future food production. The majority of the over 1600 breeds of chicken are raised in low and lower to middle income countries (LMICs) under resource limited, small scale production systems, which necessitates a low tech, cost effective means of conserving diversity is needed. Here, we validate a simple biobanking technique using cryopreserved embryonic chicken gonads. The gonads are quickly isolated, visually sexed, pooled by sex, and cryopreserved. Subsequently, the stored material is thawed and dissociated before injection into sterile host chicken embryos. By using pooled GFP and RFP-labelled donor gonadal cells and Sire Dam Surrogate (SDS) mating, we demonstrate that chicks deriving entirely from male and female donor germ cells are hatched. This technology will enable ongoing efforts to conserve chicken genetic diversity for both commercial and small holder farmers, and to preserve existing genetic resources at poultry research facilities.

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“…The advent of molecular paternity assignment revealed that for birds, monogamy was the exception rather than the norm. In their contribution to this issue, Birkhead and Montgomerie trace the history of sperm competition research in birds [49]. Molecular paternity testing coupled with the accumulated knowledge and conceptual foundations of postmating sexual selection fuelled a rapid increase in research on this taxon, spurred on by Birkhead and Møller's volume Sperm competition in birds [32] published in 1992.…”

Section: Rapid Growthmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many of these chapters were prospective of the potential for sperm competition to operate in diverse taxonomic groups, providing ideas for the future development of research into postmating sexual selection across the animal kingdom. While many of the taxon-focused reviews in Smith were short on empirical support, the contributions to this themed issue now provide overwhelming empirical evidence that postmating sexual selection is responsible for the widespread evolution of behaviour, morphology and physiology among spiders [46], fishes [47], reptiles [48], birds [49] and mammals [50].…”

Section: The Consolidation Of Ideasmentioning

confidence: 99%