Three centuries of fire and forest vegetation transitions preceding Texas’ most destructive wildfire: Lost Pines or lost oaks?

Stambaugh, Michael C.; Creacy, Greg; Sparks, Jeff; Rooney, Molly

doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2017.04.017

Cited by 14 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 33 publications

(41 reference statements)

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“…Heights of mature oaks and pines sampled in our study are similar to those recorded in other plots in Bastrop State Park by Stambaugh et al (). Stambaugh et al () estimated that the height of 100‐ to 350‐year‐old post oaks in the park is around 10.1 m. The tallest loblolly pines measured by Stambaugh et al were approximately 16 m at the time of measurements after the Bastrop County Complex Fire. At the severe site, resprouting oaks were around 2.7 m tall, and pine saplings were approximately 2.5 m tall.…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 89%

“…The “Lost Pines” area in central Texas provides an opportunity to examine possible long‐term shifts in vegetation structure and species composition following wildfire and how these shifts will additionally modify vegetation water use. Prior to the 2011 Bastrop County Complex Fire, the overstory vegetation of the region predominantly consisted of loblolly pine ( Pinus taeda L.; Stambaugh, Creacy, Sparks, & Rooney, ). However, post oak ( Quercus stellata Wangenh.)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Transpiration in recovering mixed loblolly pine and oak stands following wildfire in the Lost Pines region of Texas

Cooper

Aparecido

Muir³

et al. 2018

Ecohydrology

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Depending on severity, wildfire alters stand biomass, tree species distribution, and age, which may modify stand transpiration (Et) and the amount of water available to other parts of the hydrologic cycle. Our objective was to determine how wildfire severity affected Et in mixed pine/oak (Pinus taeda L./Quercus stellata Wangehn., Quercus marilandica Muenchh.) stands in the Lost Pines eco‐region (Bastrop, TX, USA). Transpiration was estimated for mature pines and oaks at unburned and moderately burned sites and oak resprouts and pine saplings at a severely burned plot. On average, mature pines had 36% greater sap flux rates (Js) than mature oaks in the unburned and moderately burned stands. Under low moisture stress, regenerating pines had greater Js than resprouting oaks, but Js quickly decreased as soil moisture declined. By contrast, mature pines were unaffected by dry periods. Pines contributed most to Et at the unburned and moderate stands. Conversely, oak Et dominated the severely burned stand, contributing over 95%. Transpiration was greatest at the moderately burned stand (2.02 mm day−1), followed by the unburned (1.44 mm day−1), and the severely burned stands (0.46 mm day−1). Despite greater Js in resprouts and saplings, reductions in total sapwood area resulted in lower stand‐level daily Et at the severe site. Although severe fire decreased stand transpiration through reductions in vegetation density, individual oak resprouts appear to thrive, undeterred by high vapour pressure deficit. Without pine planting, oaks will likely dominate severely burned stands that could result in shifts to local hydrology and microclimate.

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Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transpiration in recovering mixed loblolly pine and oak stands following wildfire in the Lost Pines region of Texas

Cooper

Aparecido

Muir³

et al. 2018

Ecohydrology

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“…A recent analysis by Donovan et al (2017) indicated that the total area burned by large (>400 ha) wildfires has quadrupled over the past 30 years. Considering that wildfire was relatively uncommon in the Great Plains 50 years ago, this change is quite remarkable and can be attributed partly to a warming climate (with longer dry spells) and partly to increases in flammable fuels, including woody plants (Stambaugh et al 2017). Wildfires in this region are likely to become more frequent in the future, which will have enormous social and economic consequences -for both rural and urban areas.…”

Section: Wildfirementioning

confidence: 99%

Saving imperiled grassland biomes by recoupling fire and grazing: a case study from the Great Plains

Wilcox

Fuhlendorf

Walker³

et al. 2021

Frontiers in Ecol & Environ

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Woody plant encroachment -the conversion of open grasslands and savannas to woodlands -represents one of the gravest threats to grassland biomes worldwide. This is especially true for the Great Plains of the US. We contend that the widespread adoption of pyric herbivory (the synergistic application of fire and grazing) and mixed-species grazing (cattle [Bos taurus] and goats [Capra spp]) would not only make grasslands and savannas more resilient to woody plant encroachment but would also enhance the profitability and resiliency of livestock production systems. These management strategies control woody plants, increase biodiversity, improve grassland ecosystem function, and favor livestock production. Although this management paradigm holds tremendous potential by mimicking original grassland disturbance regimes, it has not been widely adopted because of cultural constraints. Saving the remaining natural grasslands in the Great Plains and elsewhere will require a widespread shift in cultural norms -facilitated by targeted government incentives and a coordinated program of regional research, extension, and education that involves farmers and ranchers as key stakeholders.

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“…In particular, when populations increase, one might expect a reduction in survival rate due to insufficient staffing or other resources, which reduce quality of care, but no evidence for such an effect is present in these data. Moreover, with a single anomalous exception, no single month had a survival rate below 66.6% despite the presence of large disaster events such as Hurricane Harvey [ 44 ] and the Bastrop Fires [ 45 ]. This survival rate was almost certainly biased upward when compared to an untreated survival rate of 9% [ 2 , 3 ], as many animals only developed mild symptoms (potentially due to maternal antibodies [ 46 ] or partial vaccination protection [ 47 ]); however, given that standard procedure at many shelters is to kill exposed animals, the effective survival rate of the population would be 0% in many shelters, regardless of their chances of surviving CPV itself.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Decade of Treatment of Canine Parvovirus in an Animal Shelter: A Retrospective Study

Horecka¹,

Porter²,

Amirian³

et al. 2020

Animals

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Here, we present 11.5 years of monthly treatment statistics showing an overall intake of 5127 infected dogs between June 2008 and December 2019, as well as more detailed datasets from more recent, less protracted time periods for the examination of mortality risk, seasonality, and resource requirements in the mass treatment of canine parvovirus (CPV) in a private animal shelter. The total survival rate of animals during the study period was 86.6% (n = 4438/5127 dogs survived) with the probability of survival increasing to 96.7% after five days of treatment (with 80% of fatalities occurring in that period). A distinct parvovirus season peaking in May and June and troughing in August, September, December, and January was observed, which could have contributed as much as 41 animals peak-to-trough in the monthly population (with a potential, smaller season occurring in October). Low-weight and male animals were at higher risk for death, whereas age was not a significant contributing factor. Treatment time averaged 9.03 h of total care during a seven-day median treatment duration. These findings, taken together, demonstrate that canine parvovirus can be successfully treated in a sustainable manner within a shelter setting using a largely volunteer workforce.

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Three centuries of fire and forest vegetation transitions preceding Texas’ most destructive wildfire: Lost Pines or lost oaks?

Cited by 14 publications

References 33 publications

Transpiration in recovering mixed loblolly pine and oak stands following wildfire in the Lost Pines region of Texas

Transpiration in recovering mixed loblolly pine and oak stands following wildfire in the Lost Pines region of Texas

Saving imperiled grassland biomes by recoupling fire and grazing: a case study from the Great Plains

A Decade of Treatment of Canine Parvovirus in an Animal Shelter: A Retrospective Study

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