Three Centuries of Eastern European and Altai Lead Emissions Recorded in a Belukha Ice Core

Eichler, Anja; Tobler, L.; Eyrikh, Stella; Gramlich, Gabriela; Malygina, Natalia; Papina, Tatyana; Schwikowski, Margit

doi:10.1021/es2039954

Cited by 43 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 45 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The obtained source regions of the biological species are in good agreement with back trajectory analyses and emission source regions of the trace elements in the ice core (e.g., Eichler et al, 2009bEichler et al, , 2012.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

“…Ice cores from glaciers in the Altai Mountains have been proven to be invaluable archives of past eastern European air pollution Eichler et al, 2012), temperature changes in Siberia Eichler et al, 2009a;Okamoto, 2011) and variations in forest-fire activity and biogenic emissions from Siberian boreal forests (Eichler et al, 2009b(Eichler et al, , 2011. In the Altai region, glaciers are located above the tree line and the zone of alpine vegetation in the nival-glacial belt (Galakhov and Mukhametov, 1999); therefore all biological species found in glacial ice originated in other areas.…”

Section: T Papina Et Al: Biological Proxies Recorded In a Belukha Imentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Biological proxies recorded in a Belukha ice core, Russian Altai

et al. 2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. Different biological proxies such as pollen, cysts, and diatoms were identified and quantified in the upper part of a Belukha ice core from the Russian Altai. The ice core from the Belukha glacier collected in 2001 (4062 m a.s.l., 49 • 48 N, 86 • 34 E) was analyzed with annual resolution in the period . Daily data of the frequency of synoptic patterns observed in the Northern Hemisphere along with daily data of precipitation have been used to identify the predominant atmospheric circulations (elementary circulating mechanisms, or ECMs) generating the entry of biological proxies on the glacier surface. It was shown that the high-resolution records of diatoms, cysts, spores, and plant pollen in the Belukha ice core are the biological proxies for the changes in the structure of precipitation in the Altai region since these records can reflect changes in the contribution of different atmospheric circulation to annual or seasonal precipitation. The joint consideration of the transport ability of the biological species and the data of precipitation allowed us to determine the main modern sources of biological proxies deposited at the Belukha glacier. The main sources of diatoms in the Belukha ice core are water bodies of the Aral, Caspian, and northern Kazakhstan basins; coniferous tree pollen originated from the taiga forest of the boreal zone of western Siberia; pollen of deciduous trees and herbs from steppe and forest-steppe vegetation in the northern Altai and eastern Kazakhstan; and cysts and spores of plants were transported from local water bodies and forests. The identified source regions of the biological species are supported by back trajectory analyses and are in good agreement with emission source regions of the trace elements in the ice core.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Section: T Papina Et Al: Biological Proxies Recorded In a Belukha Imentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological proxies recorded in a Belukha ice core, Russian Altai

et al. 2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Acetate (CH 3 COO À ) and formate (HCOO À ), which originate from anthropogenic emissions, also show rapid decreases in the 1990s, according to the ice core record from the Tianshan mountains (Lee et al, 2003). Likewise, previous research on aerosol deposition on Belukha glacier in the Siberian Altai, which records mostly Eastern European sources, showed increases in anthropogenic emissions associated with industrialization starting in 1940 AD, reached maximum concentrations during the 1970s, and then decreased after 1990 AD (Eichler et al, 2012(Eichler et al, , 2009Olivier et al, 2006;Olivier et al, 2003). At Muztagh Ata the substantial increase in BC beginning in 1960 AD followed by an even stronger increase during the mid-1970s was likely dominated by the increase in anthropogenic BC emissions during the industrial period.…”

Section: Contribution Of Biomass Burningmentioning

confidence: 87%

Century-long record of black carbon in an ice core from the Eastern Pamirs: Estimated contributions from biomass burning

Wang

Kaspari

et al. 2015

Atmospheric Environment

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We analyzed refractory black carbon (rBC) in an ice core spanning 1875e2000 AD from Mt. Muztagh Ata, the Eastern Pamirs, using a Single Particle Soot Photometer (SP2). Additionally a pre-existing levoglucosan record from the same ice core was used to differentiate rBC that originated from open fires, energyrelated combustion of biomass, and fossil fuel combustion. Mean rBC concentrations increased four-fold since the mid-1970s and reached maximumvalues at end of the 1980s. The observed decrease of the rBC concentrations during the 1990s was likely driven by the economic recession of former USSR countries in Central Asia. Levoglucosan concentrations showed a similar temporal trend to rBC concentrations, exhibiting a large increase around 1980 AD followed by a decrease in the 1990s that was likely due to a decrease in energy-related biomass combustion. The time evolution of levoglucosan/rBC ratios indicated stronger emissions from open fires during the 1940se1950s, while the increase in rBC during the 1980se 1990s was caused from an increase in energy-related combustion of biomass and fossil fuels

show abstract

“…The record of Pb deposition on Mt. Logan (PRC) is also very different from those in the Arctic (Greenland, Devon Island; Shotyk et al, 2005;McConnell et al, 2007) or Asian mid-continent (Belukha Glacier; Eichler et al, 2012) and the Eclipse Icefield. Whereas the Eclipse record shows a peak period of Pb deposition in the late 1970s, broadly coincident with peak SO 2 emissions at the time (Fig.…”

Section: Findings From the 2001 -02 Cores: Evidence For Transpacific mentioning

confidence: 96%

“…data), and Belukah Glacier, Siberian Altai (Eichler et al, 2009;period AD 1895period AD -1995; and non sea-salt sulphur (nssS) in an ice core from southern Greenland (site D4; McConnell et al, 2007); (c) time series of lead (Pb) concentrations in ice cores from Mt. Logan (PRC; Osterberg et al, 2008), Eclipse Icefield (Gross et al, 2012), Combatant Col, British Columbia (Neff et al, 2012), central Greenland (site ACT2;McConnell et al, 2002), Devon Island (Zheng et al, 2003, Shotyk et al, 2005 and Belukha Glacier (Eichler et al, 2012); (d) estimated industrial SO 2 emissions to the atmosphere from NH source regions (Smith et al, 2011). and climatic effects of volcanic eruptions in the North Pacific region.…”

Section: Volcanic Stratigraphy and Tephrochronologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Ice Cores from the St. Elias Mountains, Yukon, Canada: Their Significance for Climate, Atmospheric Composition and Volcanism in the North Pacific Region

Zdanowicz¹,

Fisher²,

Bourgeois³

et al. 2014

ARCTIC

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ABSTRACT. A major achievement in research supported by the Kluane Lake Research Station was the recovery, in 2001 -02, of a suite of cores from the icefields of the central St. Elias Mountains, Yukon, by teams of researchers from Canada, the United States, and Japan. This project led to the development of parallel, long (10 3 -10 4 year) ice-core records of climate and atmospheric change over an altitudinal range of more than 2 km, from the Eclipse Icefield (3017 m) to the ice-covered plateau of Mt. Logan (5340 m). These efforts built on earlier work recovering single ice cores in this region. Comparison of these records has allowed for variations in climate and atmospheric composition to be linked with changes in the vertical structure and dynamics of the North Pacific atmosphere, providing a unique perspective on these changes over the Holocene. Owing to their privileged location, cores from the St. Elias Icefields also contain a remarkably detailed record of aerosols from various sources around or across the North Pacific. In this paper we review major scientific findings from the study of St. Elias Mountain ice cores, focusing on five main themes: (1) The record of stable water isotopes (δ 18 O, δD), which has unique characteristics that differ from those of Greenland, other Arctic ice cores, and even among sites in the St. Elias; (2) the snow accumulation history; (3) the record of pollen, biomass burning aerosol, and desert dust deposition; (4) the record of long-range air pollutant deposition (sulphate and lead); and (5) the record of paleo-volcanism. Our discussion draws on studies published since 2000, but based on older ice cores from the St. Elias Mountains obtained in 1980 and 1996.

show abstract

Three Centuries of Eastern European and Altai Lead Emissions Recorded in a Belukha Ice Core

Cited by 43 publications

References 45 publications

Biological proxies recorded in a Belukha ice core, Russian Altai

Biological proxies recorded in a Belukha ice core, Russian Altai

Century-long record of black carbon in an ice core from the Eastern Pamirs: Estimated contributions from biomass burning

Ice Cores from the St. Elias Mountains, Yukon, Canada: Their Significance for Climate, Atmospheric Composition and Volcanism in the North Pacific Region

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About