Three Cases with the Multiple Occurrences of Freezing Rain in One Day in Korea (12 January 2006; 11 January 2008; and 22 February 2009)

Park, Chang-Kyun; Byun, Hi-Ryong

doi:10.14191/atmos.2015.25.1.031

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Approximately 1% of European precipitation occurs as a freezing rain, and most frequently occurs over Germany and Central Europe including Hungary, Croatia, and Bosnia (Carrière et al, 2000). In addition to North America and Europe, freezing rain events occasionally occur over Asian countries such as Japan (Matsushita and Nishio, 2004), Korea (Park and Byun, 2015), southern China (Chen et al, 2011;Sun & Zhao, 2010), and so forth. In China, it occurs most frequently over mountainous area such the Guizhou, Hunan, Jiangxi, and Hubei provinces (Sun and Zhao, 2010;Ye et al, 2007).…”

Section: Geographical Distributions Of Frfsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Remote Sensing Properties of Freezing Rain Events From Space

Adhikari

Liu

2019

JGR Atmospheres

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Four years (April 2014 to March 2018) of Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) Precipitation Features data along with colocated the Modern Era Retrospective‐Analysis for Research and Applications‐2 model data are used to identify Freezing Rain Features (FRFs). A Precipitation Feature with presence of both melting layer (maximum temperature of the vertical column > 4 °C) and a layer of subfreezing air (2‐m temperature < 0 °C) adjacent to the surface is considered an FRF. During 4 years of observations, GPM and Modern Era Retrospective‐Analysis for Research and Applications‐2 identify approximately 3,096 FRFs globally (65°S–65°N). Most of them are observed over Northern Hemispheric land in the winter season. The majority of FRFs originates through the “melting process,” whereas only 35 features are associated with “warm rain” process. The locations and seasonal and diurnal distribution patterns of the FRFs over the United States are well matched with the ground‐based observations. The ground‐based observations verify approximately 70% of the FRFs over the United States. Ku‐band radar properties show that FRFs are found shallower (2–5 km) and less intense (<27 dBZ) than precipitation features in general but deeper and more intense than Snow Features. Passive microwave properties show that FRFs Tbs and Polarization‐Corrected Temperature are warmer than Snow Features at all GPM Microwave Imager channels with the largest differences in 166 GHz. The enhancement in Tbs are more distinct with warm rain FRFs. FRF Tb tends to decrease as echo top height increases at all GPM Microwave Imager channels except for 183 GHz, where Tbs have lack of dependence on echo top height.

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Section: Geographical Distributions Of Frfsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Remote Sensing Properties of Freezing Rain Events From Space

Adhikari

Liu

2019

JGR Atmospheres

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“…Previous studies have analyzed the synoptic-scale patterns and local influences on freezing rain [24][25][26]. For example, surface observations, synoptic-scale weather maps, and radiosonde data were used to develop climatologies for freezing rain at six sites across the United States [27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Exceptional Case of Freezing Rain in Bucharest (Romania)

et al. 2019

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A high-impact freezing rain event affected parts of southeastern Romania on 24–26 January 2019. The freezing rain caused extensive damages in Bucharest, the capital city of Romania. The meteorological analysis highlighted the presence of a particular synoptic pattern involving a high-pressure system advecting cold air mass at low levels, while at mid-levels a warm and humid intrusion was associated with a low-pressure system of Mediterranean origin. At Bucharest, the vertical profiles from ERA5 and radiosondes emphasized the presence of a thick warm layer between 1000–1400 m above the re-freezing layer close to the surface. A climatology of freezing rain events in Bucharest was built to understand the frequency and intensity of this phenomenon. On average, there were approximately 5 observations of freezing rain in Bucharest per year between 1980–2018. The number of consecutive freezing rain days was used as a proxy for the event severity. Moderate-duration events (2 consecutive days) represented 16 periods of all 59 non-overlapping freezing rain periods in Bucharest and long-duration events (3 consecutive days) represented 3 periods. The monthly distribution showed that freezing rain occurs more frequently between December–February with a maximum in December. The moderate and long-duration freezing rain events were associated with two main sub-synoptic patterns related to the Carpathians lee cyclogenesis.

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“…. 또한 1990 년부터 1994년 사이에는 어는비를 동반한 Ice storm 으로 인해 연평균 10명의 사망자와 528명의 부상자 및 380만 달러의 피해가 발생했다 (Robbins and Cortinas, 1996) (Brooks, 1920;Meisinger, 1920;Young, 1978;Stewart, 1985;Donaldson and Stewart, 1989;Gay and Davis, 1993;Martner et al, 1993 (Ohtake, 1963;Huffman and Norman, 1988;Rauber et al, 2000) (Steenburgh et al, 1997;Weber, 1998;Rauber et al, 2001;Mireles et al, 2012;Kwon et al, 2014;Park and Byun, 2014). Kwon et al (2014) (Glahn and Lowry, 1972), Limited Fine Mesh (LFM) 와 Nested Grid Model (NGM)을 이용하거나 (Rauber et al, 1994;Vislocky and Fritsch, 1995)…”

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