Three Cases of Acute Methyl Bromide Poisoning in a Seedling Farm Family.

Abstract

Abstract:We encountered three patients (Patient I: 39-year-old man, Patient II: 34-year-old woman, and Patient III: 5-year-old girl) with acute methyl bromide poisoning, which had occurred as a result of exposure to the gas that leaked from methyl bromide cans stored in a warehouse of a seedling farm. Since all three patients exhibited almost the same initial symptoms, i.e., severe vomiting, tonic convulsions and clouding of consciousness, botulism was suspected at first. However, subsequent inquiry revealed that 27 cans of methyl bromide had been stored in the building that the patients lived in, and that the cans had been damaged a few days before the onset of the patients' illness by a thrashing machine that was being moved by them to another location. Inspection revealed that all the cans of methyl bromide had passed the expiry date and were corroded. Even though none of the cans had been used, three cans with a capacity of 750 g were found to be empty. Plasma bromide ion concentrations were determined to be high (72.9 µg/ml, 67.8 µg/ml and 91.5 µg/ml; normal level, <5 µg/ml), and acute methyl bromide poisoning was diagnosed 8 days after admission of the patients to the hospital. Hemodialysis (peritoneal lavage in the case of the child) was performed immediately, after which the plasma bromide ion concentrations returned to normal and the general condition of the patients gradually improved.

A Case Report of Toxic Brain Syndrome Caused by Methyl Bromide

“…The physicians suspected toxic substance exposure. A perforated and empty CH 3 Br tin box (Metabrom® 98% CH3Br, 2% chloropicrin) for bedbugs was found his bedroom. The patient's findings were evaluated to be compatible with CH 3 Br poisoning.…”

“…We described a case of chronic unintentional exposure to CH 3 Br by inhalation that resulted in toxic brain damage (TBD) and CNS toxicity.…”

“…Neuropsychiatric signs may persist indefinitely (1). Treatment of CH 3 Br poisoning has largely been supportive. Haemodialysis lowers serum bromide levels, but there is no evidence that dialysis affects patient outcomes (1).…”

“…Haemodialysis lowers serum bromide levels, but there is no evidence that dialysis affects patient outcomes (1). Some studies have found that haemodialysis is effective in the early period (2,3).…”

“…Colourless and nearly odourless, CH 3 Br is a highly volatile liquid that exists in a gaseous state at ambient temperature. The route of entry is generally through inhalation and less commonly from skin exposure (1).…”