Three cases of Actinobacillus suis in eastern North Carolina

Mahan-Riggs, Emily

doi:10.54846/jshap/1239

Cited by 1 publication

(2 citation statements)

References 6 publications

(20 reference statements)

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“…9 ), and not in later stages of production, suggesting that A. suis is an agent to consider in pre-weaning polyarthritis. A. suis disease diagnosis including bronchopneumonia and systemic infections were statistically associated with later phases of production in this study, correlating with previous knowledge [ 48 ]. Finally, A. suis disease as the sole etiology represented 37% of all cases with an A. suis diagnosis, suggesting a primary role in swine disease.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…In this study, A. suis detection and disease diagnosis were less frequent compared to S. suis, G. parasuis and M. hyorhinis. However, there was a significant increase in cases of A. suis serositis over the study period , aligning with recent reports [ 48 ]. Furthermore, A. suis was diagnosed in 8.7% of all sepsis cases, mainly in growing and finishing pigs.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

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Detection and disease diagnosis trends (2017–2022) for Streptococcus suis, Glaesserella parasuis, Mycoplasma hyorhinis, Actinobacillus suis and Mycoplasma hyosynoviae at Iowa State University Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory

Silva,

Almeida,

Michael

et al. 2023

BMC Vet Res

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Background Accurate measurement of disease associated with endemic bacterial agents in pig populations is challenging due to their commensal ecology, the lack of disease-specific antemortem diagnostic tests, and the polymicrobial nature of swine diagnostic cases. The main objective of this retrospective study was to estimate temporal patterns of agent detection and disease diagnosis for five endemic bacteria that can cause systemic disease in porcine tissue specimens submitted to the Iowa State University Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory (ISU VDL) from 2017 to 2022. The study also explored the diagnostic value of specific tissue specimens for disease diagnosis, estimated the frequency of polymicrobial diagnosis, and evaluated the association between phase of pig production and disease diagnosis. Results S. suis and G. parasuis bronchopneumonia increased on average 6 and 4.3%, while S. suis endocarditis increased by 23% per year, respectively. M. hyorhinis and A. suis associated serositis increased yearly by 4.2 and 12.8%, respectively. A significant upward trend in M. hyorhinis arthritis cases was also observed. In contrast, M. hyosynoviae arthritis cases decreased by 33% average/year. Investigation into the diagnostic value of tissues showed that lungs were the most frequently submitted sample, However, the use of lung for systemic disease diagnosis requires caution due to the commensal nature of these agents in the respiratory system, compared to systemic sites that diagnosticians typically target. This study also explored associations between phase of production and specific diseases caused by each agent, showcasing the role of S. suis arthritis in suckling pigs, meningitis in early nursery and endocarditis in growing pigs, and the role of G. parasuis, A. suis, M. hyorhinis and M. hyosynoviae disease mainly in post-weaning phases. Finally, this study highlighted the high frequency of co-detection and -disease diagnosis with other infectious etiologies, such as PRRSV and IAV, demonstrating that to minimize the health impact of these endemic bacterial agents it is imperative to establish effective viral control programs. Conclusions Results from this retrospective study demonstrated significant increases in disease diagnosis for S. suis, G. parasuis, M. hyorhinis, and A. suis, and a significant decrease in detection and disease diagnosis of M. hyosynoviae. High frequencies of interactions between these endemic agents and with viral pathogens was also demonstrated. Consequently, improved control programs are needed to mitigate the adverse effect of these endemic bacterial agents on swine health and wellbeing. This includes improving diagnostic procedures, developing more effective vaccine products, fine-tuning antimicrobial approaches, and managing viral co-infections.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%