Three axis vector magnet set-up for cryogenic scanning probe microscopy

Galvis, J. A.; Herrera, Edwin; Guillamón, Isabel; Azpeitia, Jon; Luccas, R. F.; Munuera, Carmen; Cuenca, M.; Higuera, Juan Antonio; Dı́az, Nuria; Pazos, Miguel Conde; Garcı́a-Hernández, M.; Buendía, A.; Vieira, S.; Suderow, Hermann

doi:10.1063/1.4905531

Cited by 29 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…We use a setup described in ref. 57 which consists of a dilution refrigerator with a STM thermally anchored to the mixing chamber reaching temperatures of 150 mK. The STM is located at the center of a three axis magnet.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tilted vortex cores and superconducting gap anisotropy in 2H-NbSe2

et al. 2018

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The superconductor 2H-NbSe 2 features vortices with a sixfold star shape when the magnetic field is applied perpendicular to the plane of the hexagonal crystal structure. This is due to the anisotropy in the quasi-two-dimensional Fermi surface tubes oriented along the c axis. But the properties of another, three-dimensional, pocket are unknown, in spite that it has a dominant contribution in many experiments. Here we measure vortices in tilted magnetic fields using a scanning tunneling microscope. We find patterns of stripes due to in-plane vortices and show how these change with the in-plane direction of the magnetic field. The shape of outgoing vortices is successfully compared with detailed calculations of vortex cores. Our data show that vortices exit at an angle with the surface and that the sixfold gap anisotropy is present over the whole Fermi surface.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tilted vortex cores and superconducting gap anisotropy in 2H-NbSe2

et al. 2018

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“…The capability to apply magnetic field in any direction relative to the sample in the STM allows for mapping of the surface spin texture in three dimensions 10 . 3D vector magnets have in recent years become commercially available, and the construction of low temperature STMs with 3D vector magnets 18,19 has been reported. 3D vector magnets are however usually rather bulky, do not allow for arbitrary field vectors in excess of 1T and often result in rather high helium boil-off due to the need for six magnet leads.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cryogenic STM in 3D vector magnetic fields realized through a rotatable insert

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McLaren

et al. 2017

Review of Scientific Instruments

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Spin-polarized scanning tunneling microscopy (SP-STM) performed in vector magnetic fields promises atomic scale imaging of magnetic structure, providing complete information on the local spin texture of a sample in three dimensions. Here, we have designed and constructed a turntable system for a low temperature STM which in combination with a 2D vector magnet provides magnetic fields of up to 5 T in any direction relative to the tip-sample geometry. This enables STM imaging and spectroscopy to be performed at the same atomic-scale location and field-of-view on the sample, and most importantly, without experiencing any change on the tip apex before and after field switching. Combined with a ferromagnetic tip this enables us to study the magnetization of complex magnetic orders in all three spatial directions.

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“…We also took a few tunneling data at fields parallel to the surface using the three-axis coil system described in Ref. [40]. We use an Au tip cleaned by repeated indentation on an Au sample as described in Ref.…”

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confidence: 99%

Magnetic field dependence of the density of states in the multiband superconductorβ−Bi2Pd

et al. 2015

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We present very low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) experiments on single-crystalline samples of the superconductor β-Bi 2 Pd. We find a single superconducting gap from the zero-field tunneling conductance. However, the magnetic field dependence of the intervortex tunneling conductance is higher than the one expected in a single-gap superconductor. Such an increase in the intervortex tunneling conductance has been found in superconductors with multiple superconducting gaps. We also find that the hexagonal vortex lattice is locked to the square atomic lattice as expected in crystalline superconductors with anisotropic Fermi surfaces. Moreover, we compare the upper critical field H c2 (T ) obtained in our sample with previous measurements and find that H c2 (T ) does not increase by reducing the mean free path. We fit H c2 (T ) and show that multiband Fermi surface is needed to explain the observed behavior. We propose that β-Bi 2 Pd is a single-gap multiband superconductor. We anticipate that single-gap superconductivity might often occur in compounds with anisotropic multiband Fermi surfaces.

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Three axis vector magnet set-up for cryogenic scanning probe microscopy

Cited by 29 publications

References 23 publications

Tilted vortex cores and superconducting gap anisotropy in 2H-NbSe2

Tilted vortex cores and superconducting gap anisotropy in 2H-NbSe2

Cryogenic STM in 3D vector magnetic fields realized through a rotatable insert

Magnetic field dependence of the density of states in the multiband superconductorβ−Bi2Pd

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