Threats to security and ischaemic heart disease deaths: the case of homicides in Mexico

Lee, Eileen H.; Bruckner, Tim A.

doi:10.1093/ije/dyw110

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…This led to increased crime prevention, the gradual dismantling of drug trafficking organizations into smaller groups (Baron, 2009), and a decrease in cocaine cultivation, all of which hindered the financing of armed groups and their operations (Arson et al, 2014;Baron, 2009). In Mexico, the gradual decline in the interpersonal violence homicide rate that held throughout the 1990s was reversed in the last decade (Dávila-Cervantes & Pardo-Montaño, 2014, 2018Gómez-Dantés et al, 2016;González-Pérez & Vega-López, 2019), mostly related to military operations in several Mexican states as part of the "war on drugs" (Lee & Bruckner, 2017;Salama, 2013). The initial objective of these military interventions was to dismantle the leadership of the drug cartels and thus crushing the criminal organizations into smaller, more "controllable" groups (Molzahn, Rodriguez-Ferreira, & Shirk, 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends and differences in homicide mortality in Colombia and Mexico, 1990-2016: Two Realities, One Problem

Dávila-Cervantes

Agudelo-Botero

Gómez–Dantés

2019

J Interpers Violence

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Colombia and Mexico are among the countries in the region with the highest rates of homicide mortality and are also the drug traffickers in the world. The objective of this study was to analyze the trends and differences in homicide mortality in Colombia and Mexico between 1990 and 2016. Using data from the Global Burden of Disease Study, we report mortality rates and trends in years of life lost to homicides. This study looked at injuries occurring because of interpersonal violence, which was divided into three types (firearm, sharp object, and others). The homicide mortality rate steadily decreased since 1992 in Colombia, while in Mexico, it varied over time. This rate in Colombia has not been reduced to Mexico’s level, and in turn, Mexico has not had a mortality rate as high as Colombia’s. Throughout the period, in both countries, the years of life lost rate decreased (52% in Colombia and 18.6% in Mexico); however, between 2002 and 2016, the years of life lost rate from homicides was reduced in all age groups in Colombia, and in Mexico, they increased notably, mainly between 15 and 54 years of age. Public health plays a central role in abating interpersonal violence through the prevention of risk factors, and through making information available so that decision-makers can create public policies using evidence-based arguments. The Global Burden of Disease Study is a crucial resource that can be used to define, describe, and evaluate the consequences of homicides and help direct efforts and resources to the most vulnerable groups.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends and differences in homicide mortality in Colombia and Mexico, 1990-2016: Two Realities, One Problem

Dávila-Cervantes

Agudelo-Botero

Gómez–Dantés

2019

J Interpers Violence

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“…The findings are also consistent with the small set of studies that has examined the relations of community violence with asthma and cardiac events. 36–45…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…21–35 There is also evidence that community violence may exacerbate asthma and increase the risk of heart conditions. 36–45 Across conditions, there are behavioral and biologic mechanisms through which exposure to community violence would increase both incidence of disease and acute exacerbations among those with existing disease.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute Changes in Community Violence and Increases in Hospital Visits and Deaths From Stress-responsive Diseases

et al. 2018

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“…18 Although both environmental threats to security (e.g. national monthly homicide counts) and incidence of physical assault have shown to be associated with higher rates of CVD death, 19,20 the association between workplace violence and incident CVD is still inconclusive.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Workplace bullying and workplace violence as risk factors for cardiovascular disease: a multi-cohort study

Hanson

Lange

et al. 2018

European Heart Journal

102

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Participants were 79 201 working men and women, aged 18-65 years and free of CVD and were sourced from three cohort studies from Sweden and Denmark. Exposure to workplace bullying and violence was measured at baseline using self-reports. Participants were linked to nationwide health and death registers to ascertain incident CVD, including coronary heart disease and cerebrovascular disease. Study-specific results were estimated by marginal structural Cox regression and were combined using fixed-effect meta-analysis. Nine percent reported being bullied at work and 13% recorded exposure to workplace violence during the past year. We recorded 3229 incident CVD cases with a mean follow-up of 12.4 years (765 in the first 4 years). After adjustment for age, sex, country of birth, marital status, and educational level, being bullied at work vs. not was associated with a hazard ratio (HR) of 1.59 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.28-1.98] for CVD. Experiencing workplace violence vs. not was associated with a HR of 1.25 (95% CI 1.12-1.40) for CVD. The population attributable risk was 5.0% for workplace bullying and 3.1% for workplace violence. The excess risk remained similar in analyses with different follow-up lengths, cardiovascular risk stratifications, and after additional adjustments. Dose-response relations were observed for both workplace bullying and violence (P trend < 0.001). There was only negligible heterogeneity in study-specific estimates.

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Threats to security and ischaemic heart disease deaths: the case of homicides in Mexico

Abstract: Background: Ischaemic heart disease (IHD) ranks as the leading cause of death

Cited by 5 publications

References 27 publications

Trends and differences in homicide mortality in Colombia and Mexico, 1990-2016: Two Realities, One Problem

Trends and differences in homicide mortality in Colombia and Mexico, 1990-2016: Two Realities, One Problem

Acute Changes in Community Violence and Increases in Hospital Visits and Deaths From Stress-responsive Diseases

Workplace bullying and workplace violence as risk factors for cardiovascular disease: a multi-cohort study

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