Threats to Mangrove Forests

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-73016-5

Cited by 34 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 68 publications

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“…The theme "Mangroves & Climate Change" has been ubiquitous in the recent literature, but most studies, discuss potential future scenarios based on projections and modeling unable to quantify impacts (Alongi, 2015;Ward et al, 2016;Jennerjahn et al, 2017;Makowski and Finkl, 2018). Notwithstanding their importance to guide research activities, this approach fails to support local and regional scale policies focused on adaptation and mitigation of climate change impacts along mangrove-dominated coastal regions.…”

Section: A Summary Of Observed Responses Of Mangroves To Climate Chan...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mangrove Trace Metal Biogeochemistry Response to Global Climate Change

Lacerda¹,

Ward²,

Borges³

et al. 2022

Front. For. Glob. Change

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This review discusses observed impacts from different climate change-driven pressures on mangrove's role in modulating trace metal transfer at the land-ocean interface. It contributes to the literature in a global context and shows mangroves as mitigators or providing positive feedback to metal mobilization. Most chalcophile metals2+ accumulate in mangrove soils associated with sulfides while high sedimentation rates avoid their oxidation. Exudation of oxygen by roots fixates Fe, which co-precipitates metals as oxyhydroxides in the rhizosphere. These two biogeochemical processes reduce trace metal availability to plants and their mobility within estuaries. However, climate change-driven pressures alter this geochemical equilibrium. Increasing atmospheric CO2 and temperature, and the intensity and frequency of extreme climatic events, have proved to affect mangrove functioning and cover, but no direct observation on the impact on metal biogeochemistry is presently available, whereas sea level rise and saline intrusion impacts on the fate of metals have already been observed. Sea level rise increases erosion, that dissociates deposited sulfides releasing metals to the water column. Released metals adsorb onto suspended particles and can re-deposit in the estuary or are exported to continental shelf sediments. Saline intrusion may oxidize deeper sediment layers releasing metals to porewaters. Part of the mobilized metals may remain in solution complexed with DOM and have their bioavailability increased, as shown by high bioaccumulation factors and biomagnification and high metal concentrations in the estuarine biota, which results in higher human exposure through fisheries consumption. Since erosion occurs preferentially at the sea border and higher sedimentation at the higher reaches of the estuary, triggering mangroves migration landward, spatial gradients are formed, and shall be taken into consideration when planning mitigation or adaptation strategies. These observations suggest disruption of traditional humans dwelling in mangrove dominated coastlines by increasing contamination of coastal fisheries, often the principal protein source for those groups and an important source of income. Further research into the environmental and socioeconomic impacts of climate change driven alterations to metal biogeochemical processes in mangroves as contaminant levels are expected to increase.

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Section: A Summary Of Observed Responses Of Mangroves To Climate Chan...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mangrove Trace Metal Biogeochemistry Response to Global Climate Change

Lacerda¹,

Ward²,

Borges³

et al. 2022

Front. For. Glob. Change

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Mangrove Forests

Kumar¹,

Anju²,

Vijay³

et al. 2021

Wetlands Conservation

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Tracking canopy gaps in mangroves remotely using deep learning

Lassalle

Filho

2022

Remote Sens Ecol Conserv

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Mangroves are among the most ecologically valuable ecosystems of the globe. Reliable remote sensing solutions are required to assist their management and conservation at broad scale. Canopy gaps are part of forests' turnover and rejuvenation, but yet no method has been proposed to map their occurrence and recovery in mangroves. Here, were propose an approach based on a deep learning framework called Mask R-CNN to achieve automatic detection and delineation of gaps using very-high-resolution satellite imagery (<1 m). The Mask R-CNN combines a series of neural network architectures to identify and delineate gaps, determine their recovery stage, and estimate their morphological attributes. The approach was tested on four mangroves from different regions of the globe with high concentration of gaps of various origins (lightning strikes, oil spills, cutting, pests). The Mask R-CNN performed well to detect gaps, and accurately delineated gap contours (F1-score of segmentation ≥0.89). The model also succeeded in distinguishing among five recovery stages of gaps, from their onset to closure (Overall Accuracy = 91.4, Kappa = 0.89). Accurate retrieval of gap area, eccentricity, and compactnessthree relevant morphological attributeswere obtained (R 2 ≥ 0.83, NRMSE ≤10%). Several sources of confusion and misdelineation were identified. Our approach shows promising transferability to other mangrove sites and optical sensors and could help monitor canopy recovery in mangroves. It also opens promising perspectives for identifying the origin of gaps (natural or human-induced). It is intended to assist environmental managers and field experts in the management and conservation of these fragile ecosystems.

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Threats to Mangrove Forests

Cited by 34 publications

References 68 publications

Mangrove Trace Metal Biogeochemistry Response to Global Climate Change

Mangrove Trace Metal Biogeochemistry Response to Global Climate Change

Mangrove Forests

Tracking canopy gaps in mangroves remotely using deep learning

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