Threat and response: A decade of decline in a regionally endangered rainforest palm affected by fire and introduced animals

Liddle, David T; Brook, Barry W.; Matthews, Janet; Taylor, Stephen M.; Caley, Peter

doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2006.04.028

Cited by 13 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…After the collapse of the buffalo hide industry in the 1950s, an unrestricted population explosion caused severe damage to the lowland environment (Cowie & Werner 1993; Corbett & Hertog 1996; Skeat et al. 1996; Werner 2005; Liddle et al. 2006; Werner, Cowie, & Cusack 2006) which has only partially recovered in recent years.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Being large, heavy animals (up to 800 kg for females and 1200 kg for males; Moran 1992) that consume up to 30 kg of food day −1 , and with a tendency to have restricted movements (Tulloch 1969; Ford 1978), damages to vegetation, water courses and soils are high (Cowie & Werner 1993; Corbett & Hertog 1996; Skeat et al. 1996; Werner 2005; Liddle et al. 2006; Werner et al.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spatially explicit spreadsheet modelling for optimising the efficiency of reducing invasive animal density

McMahon

Brook

Collier

et al. 2010

Methods in Ecology and Evolution

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Summary1. Invasive ungulates with eruptive population dynamics can degrade sensitive habitats, harbour disease-causing pathogens and facilitate the spread of weedy plants. Hence there is a need globally for cost-effective density reduction and damage mitigation strategies. User-friendly software tools that facilitate effective decision making by managers (who are not usually scientists) can help in understanding uncertainty and maximising benefits to native biodiversity within a constrained budget. 2. We designed an easy-to-use spreadsheet model -the Spatio-Temporal Animal Reduction (STAR) model -for strategic management of large feral ungulates (pigs, swamp buffalo and horses) within the World Heritage Kakadu National Park in Australia. The main goals of the model are to help park managers understand the landscape and population dynamics that influence the number and distribution of feral ungulates in time and space. 3. The model is a practical tool and methodological advance that provides a forecast of the effects and financial costs of proposed management plans. Feral animal management in the park is complex because populations cover an extensive area comprised of diverse and difficult-to-access habitats. There are also large reservoir populations in the regions surrounding the park, and these can provide immigrants even after within-park control operations. To provide the optimal outcomes for the reduction of feral animals, STAR is spatially explicit in relation to habitat, elevation and regions of culling, and applies density-feedback models in a lattice framework (multi-layer grid) to determine the optimal cost-benefit ratio of control choices. A series of spatial and nonspatial optimisation routines yielding the best cost-benefit approaches to culling are provided. 4. The spreadsheet module is flexible and adaptable to other regions and species, and is made available for testing and modifying. Users can operate STAR without having prior expert knowledge of animal management theory and application. The intuitive spreadsheet format could render it effective as a teaching or training tool for undergraduate students and landscape managers who might not have detailed ecological backgrounds.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatially explicit spreadsheet modelling for optimising the efficiency of reducing invasive animal density

McMahon

Brook

Collier

et al. 2010

Methods in Ecology and Evolution

Self Cite

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“…A study on Attalea humilis revealed an intermediate resilience level for this species which is adapted to fire (Souza & Martins, 2004). However, a study in Australia on Ptychosperma macarthurii showed various negative indirect effects of fire on palm resilience, especially when associated with other disturbances (Liddle et al, 2006). Another natural disturbance, flooding, was shown to have a medium impact on palm resilience, its differential effect among species possibly explaining the distribution of sympatric species (Pacheco, 2001).…”

Section: Disturbance Driversmentioning

confidence: 97%

Disturbance and Resilience in Tropical American Palm Populations and Communities

et al. 2011

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We review resilience to natural and anthropogenic disturbance of palm populations and communities in tropical America. Response of palms to disturbance depends on their morphological traits, their reproductive strategies and the impacts of these traits and strategies on phenology and gene flow. Human impact induces changes in genetic structure, increasing endogamy and genetic drift in fragmented populations. Forest fragmentation and harvest of palm organs are well documented whereas effects of intermediate disturbance like selective logging, hunting or fire remain poorly known. We recommend emphasis on long-term experiments and on the use of mechanistic approaches in future research to facilitate integration of available data into a theoretical ecological framework.

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“…Grazing of seedlings has been documented in many palm species to have lead to endangerment or to be preventing population regeneration (Henderson et al 2006). For example, Liddle et al (2006) found that introduced animals had reduced the survival of Ptychosperma macarthurii (as P. bleeseri) seedlings. They found that in sites where introduced animals had been excluded the seedlings had survived and populations had a more even size structure.…”

Section: Population Viabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Low genetic diversity and recovery implications of the vulnerable Bankoualé Palm Livistona carinensis (Arecaceae), from North-eastern Africa and the Southern Arabian Peninsula

2008

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The Bankoualé Palm, Livistona carinensis is the only known species of Livistona occurring in Africa and is currently classified as vulnerable (IUCN 2004). This extreme outlier species of the genus is restricted to Yemen, Somalia and Djibouti, where all populations are in rapid decline. In Djibouti the palm is confined to three valley systems within the upland plateau of the Goda Massif. This study used microsatellite markers to investigate the genetic diversity and relationships within the species. At the species level L. carinensis contained very low genetic diversity. Most variation was due to the variation between the samples from Yemen and Somalia compared with those in Djibouti. The Djibouti populations were almost monomorphic across the nine loci tested. Interestingly, and despite the small sample sizes, the individuals from botanic gardens collections of the Yemen and Somalia populations were more genetically diverse than the Djibouti populations. This study indicates that the populations in Yemen and Somalia are highly significant for the conservation of the species genetic diversity. Given the lack of genetic diversity both within and among L. carinensis populations in Djibouti, plants could be cultivated for in-situ population enhancement from any seed that is available from within Djibouti with no significant genetic impacts of provenance mismatch. Clearly the populations from Djibouti, Somalia and Yemen are different genetic provenances raising some issues for the conservation and recovery of L. carinensis.

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Threat and response: A decade of decline in a regionally endangered rainforest palm affected by fire and introduced animals

Cited by 13 publications

References 28 publications

Spatially explicit spreadsheet modelling for optimising the efficiency of reducing invasive animal density

Spatially explicit spreadsheet modelling for optimising the efficiency of reducing invasive animal density

Disturbance and Resilience in Tropical American Palm Populations and Communities

Low genetic diversity and recovery implications of the vulnerable Bankoualé Palm Livistona carinensis (Arecaceae), from North-eastern Africa and the Southern Arabian Peninsula

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