Thorough evaluation of the available light-duty engine technologies to reduce greenhouse gases emissions in Brazil

Gonçalves, Felipe; Lopes, Emília Savioli; Lopes, Melina Savioli; Filho, Rubens Maciel

doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.132051

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 137 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The biodiesel used within the experiments was purchased from the market and was produced by Bunge Romania. It has the following characteristics: flash point: 161 • C, cinematic viscosity: 5.08 cSt, density 0.875 g/cm 3 , cetane number: 55. The aviation fuel was purchased from OMV Romania and has the following characteristics: flash point: 42.3 • C, density: 0.817 g/cm 3 , cinematic viscosity: 1.39 cSt.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The aviation fuel was purchased from OMV Romania and has the following characteristics: flash point: 42.3 • C, density: 0.817 g/cm 3 , cinematic viscosity: 1.39 cSt. The oil used for engine lubrication was Aeroshell 500 provided by Shell Romania and has the following main characteristics: kinematic viscosity at 40 • C: 25.2 cSt, flash point: 264 • C, density: 1.005 g/cm 3 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[2]. Nowadays, in the field of aviation fuels, the main research is focused on the production and use of bio-fuels, which have been proven to be more environmentally friendly and have the potential to reduce greenhouse gasses and CO 2 emissions [3]. The most promising bio-fuel in aviation applications seems to be biodiesel because it shows the highest potential to meet the needed energy requirements [4,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Lab Scale Investigation of Gaseous Emissions, Performance and Stability of an Aviation Turbo-Engine While Running on Biodiesel Based Sustainable Aviation Fuel

Mirea,

Cican

2024

Inventions

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The research experimentally examines the viability of biodiesel obtained from pork fat (BP) as a sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) when mixed with kerosene (Ke)—Jet-A aviation fuel + 5% Aeroshell 500 oil. Various blends of biodiesel and kerosene (10, 20, and 30% vol. of BP added in Ke) were subjected to testing in an aviation micro turbo-engine under different operational states: idle, cruise, and maximum power. During the tests, monitoring of engine parameters such as burning temperature, fuel consumption, and thrust force was conducted. The study also encompassed the calculation of crucial performance indicators like burning efficiency, thermal efficiency, and specific consumption for all fuel blends under maximum power conditions. Combustion temperatures ahead of the turbines rise with an increase in biodiesel concentration, particularly in the idle regime, without compromising engine integrity. However, for regimes 2 and 3, the temperature in front of the turbine decreases with rising biodiesel concentration, accompanied by an increase in fuel flow rate. This phenomenon is reflected in the elevated specific consumption. Notably, for regime 3, there is a noticeable rise in specific consumption, starting from S = 0.0264 kg/Nh when the turbo-engine operates solely with Ke, to S = 0.0266 kg/Nh for Ke + 10% BP, S = 0.0269 kg/Nh for Ke + 20% BP, and S = 0.0275 kg/Nh for Ke + 30% BP. Physical–chemical properties of the blends, encompassing density, viscosity, flash point, and calorific power, were determined. Furthermore, elemental analysis and FTIR were used for chemical composition determination. The amount of CO2 produced during the stoichiometric combustion reaction with air showed variations. Initially, when using only Ke, it amounted to 3.12 kg per kilogram of fuel. Upon adding 10% BP, this value decreased to 3.09 kg, further reducing to 3.05 kg with 20% BP. The lowest value was observed with 30% BP, reaching 3.04 kg. Experimental assessments were performed on the Jet Cat P80® micro-turbo-engine, covering aspects such as starting procedures, sudden acceleration, sudden deceleration, and emissions of pollutants (NOx, CO, and SO2) during several engine operational phases. The outcomes reveal that the examined fuel blends exhibited stable engine performance across all tested conditions. This indicates that these blends hold promise as sustainable aviation fuels for micro turbo-engines, presenting benefits in terms of diminished pollution and a more ecologically sound raw material base for fuel production.

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Lab Scale Investigation of Gaseous Emissions, Performance and Stability of an Aviation Turbo-Engine While Running on Biodiesel Based Sustainable Aviation Fuel

Mirea,

Cican

2024

Inventions

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Air pollution by gaseous emission such as SO x , NO x and PM, mainly due to the internal combustion engines [9] and the burning within them of fossil fuels. Thus, vegetable oils obtained from biomass may be a sustainable alternative for biodiesel production since as [10,11] are showing biofuels are environmentally friendly and show a great potential of GHG decrease. Also PM emissions from engines that a running on biofuels are estimated to decrease with 30%.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodiesel from Recycled Sunflower and Palm Oil—A Sustainable Fuel for Microturbo-Engines Used in Airside Applications

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

An experimental assessment of burning behavior of some aviation fuel and biodiesel obtained from waste oil mixture has been performed within this paper. The biodiesel was obtained from sunflower and palm waste oil (SFP) and the mixtures consisted of 10, 30 and 50% biodiesel in regular aviation fuel. The aviation fuel is a mixture of Jet A fuel + 5% Aeroshell 500 oil (called Ke) with the oil being added for turbo-engine’s lubrication. So, the used fuels were: Ke, Ke + 10% SFP, Ke + 30% SFP, Ke + 50% SFP. In first step, SFP was characterized in terms of: density, kinematic viscosity, flash and freezing points and calorific power. Also a deeper analysis was made by using FTIR for all the fuels involved in the experiments. The second step consisted of assessing the chemical reactions that occur during the burning process. Thus starting from the known elemental analysis, the air needed for a stoichiometric reaction has been calculated for each fuel mixtures. Also the resulting CO2 and water has been calculated from the reactions. The third step consisted of experimental testing the burning behavior of the above mentioned fuels on a micro turbo-engine. The used engine was Jet Cat P80® provided by Gunt Hamburg, Barsbüttel, Germany. The variation of: rpm vs. time, burning temperature vs. time and fuel debit vs. rpm are presented for starting and yield procedures. The tests have been conducted at 8 different working regimes of the engine. For each regime, an 1 min testing period was chose, during which burning temperature vs. rpm, fuel debit vs. rpm and thrust force vs. rpm were monitored. For maximum regime, only calculus for burning, thermal efficiencies and specific consumption have been made. As a main conclusion, the engine working behavior was steady throughout the entire range of rpm and for all the blends fed, thus the studied fuel blends may be considered as sustainable fuel for applications that are using micro turbo-engines with main advantages related to pollution and raw materials allowing the production of this type of fuel.

show abstract

“…According to Andersson et al [26], the transition to a more sustainable transportation should not disregard the consumer's cost perception, which is preponderant in the decision-making process. This is one of the factors that lead Gonçalves et al [27] to state that, for future Brazilian mobility, the use of ethanol in flex-fuel vehicles is still the best solution when managing economic, environmental, social, and infrastructure aspects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development Procedure for Performance Estimation and Main Dimensions Calculation of a Highly-Boosted Ethanol Engine with Water Injection

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The management of the global energy resources has stimulated the emergence of various agreements in favor of the environment. Among the most famous are the Conference of Parties (COP) and Route 2030, which aim to limit global warming to 1.5 °C by reducing the energy consumption and global emission levels. In order to comply with the international standards for energy consumption and pollutant emissions, the Brazilian government has been promoting the expansion of biofuels in the national energy matrix. Considering this scenario, the development of a novel internal combustion engine for the exclusive use of ethanol as a fuel, equipped with state-of-the-art technologies and employing modern design concepts, consists of an innovative and promising pathway for future Brazilian mobility, from both environmental and technological outlooks. In this sense, this work presents a method to determine the main engine dimensions as part of the initial process for a new ethanol prototype engine development. The Brazilian biofuel was selected due to its physicochemical properties, which allow the engine to achieve higher loads, and also due to its large availability as a renewable energy source in the country. Furthermore, a port water injection system was fitted to the engine in order to assist the combustion process by mitigating the knock tendency. The predicted overall engine performance was obtained by carrying out a GT-PowerTM 1D-CFD simulation, whose results pointed to a maximum torque of 279 Nm from 2000 to 4000 rpm and an indicated peak power of 135 kW at 5500 rpm. With a maximum water-to-fuel ratio of 19.2%, the engine was able to perform its entire full load curve at the MBT condition, a fact that makes the WI approach along with the ethanol fuel a very attractive solution. As a result of the specific design and optimization of each geometric parameter for this unique ethanol engine, a maximum indicated fuel conversion efficiency of 45.3% was achieved. Moreover, the engine was capable of achieving over 40% of the indicated fuel conversion efficiency in almost its entire full load curve.

show abstract

Thorough evaluation of the available light-duty engine technologies to reduce greenhouse gases emissions in Brazil

Cited by 11 publications

References 137 publications

Lab Scale Investigation of Gaseous Emissions, Performance and Stability of an Aviation Turbo-Engine While Running on Biodiesel Based Sustainable Aviation Fuel

Lab Scale Investigation of Gaseous Emissions, Performance and Stability of an Aviation Turbo-Engine While Running on Biodiesel Based Sustainable Aviation Fuel

Biodiesel from Recycled Sunflower and Palm Oil—A Sustainable Fuel for Microturbo-Engines Used in Airside Applications

Development Procedure for Performance Estimation and Main Dimensions Calculation of a Highly-Boosted Ethanol Engine with Water Injection

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About