Thorough computational analysis of the staggered herringbone micromixer reveals transport mechanisms and enables mixing efficiency-based improved design

Hadjigeorgiou, Andreas; Boudouvis, Andreas G.; Kokkoris, George

doi:10.1016/j.cej.2021.128775

Cited by 36 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…A structure that was wider than it was tall and having a large surface area in contact with the wafer would be much stronger and last longer. An ideal solution to this problem was to use a staggered herringbone mixer, which uses a wide channel (400 μm) with specially shaped herringbone grooves on the top. , The schematic of the microfluidic device is shown in Figure , which also shows the design and features of the chevron-shaped perturbations fabricated into the device. In the lower part of Figure , the physical device can be seen with the inflow and outflow channels marked categorically.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Particle Metrology Approach to Understanding How Storage Conditions Affect Long-Term Liposome Stability

Lehman,

Benkstein,

Cleveland

et al. 2023

Langmuir

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Lipid nanoparticles are a generic type of nanomaterial with broad applicability in medicine as drug delivery vehicles. Liposomes are a subtype of lipid nanoparticles and, as a therapeutic platform, can be loaded with a genetic material or pharmaceutical agents for use as drug treatments. An open question for these types of lipid nanoparticles is what factor(s) affect the long-term stability of the particles. The stability of the particle is of great interest to understand and predict the effective shelf-life and storage requirements. In this report, we detail a one-year study of liposome stability as a function of lipid composition, buffer composition/pH, and storage temperature. This was done in aqueous solution without freezing. The effect of lipid composition is shown to be a critical factor when evaluating stability of the measured particle size and number concentration. Other factors (i.e., storage temperature and buffer pH/composition) were shown to be less critical but still have some effect. The stability of these particles informs formulation and optimal storage requirements and assists with future developmental planning of a NIST liposome-based reference material. This work also highlights the complex nature of longterm soft particle storage in biopharmaceutical applications.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Particle Metrology Approach to Understanding How Storage Conditions Affect Long-Term Liposome Stability

Lehman,

Benkstein,

Cleveland

et al. 2023

Langmuir

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“…It derives that, especially for high Pe number, an insufficient mesh resolution could lead to artificial or inaccurate results of COMSOL. A recommended way of calibrating the mesh to gain the right balance between performance and numerical stability can be found in Hadjigeorgiou et al 65 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A millisecond passive micromixer with low flow rate, low sample consumption and easy fabrication

Liao

Mechulam

Lassalle‐Kaiser

2021

Sci Rep

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Fast mixing of small volumes of solutions in microfluidic devices is essential for an accurate control and observation of the dynamics of a reaction in biological or chemical studies. It is often, however, a challenging task, as the Reynolds number (Re) in microscopic devices is typically < 100. In this report, we detail a novel mixer based on the “staggered herring bone” (SHB) pattern and “split-recombination” strategies with an optimized geometry, the periodic rotation of the flow structure can be controlled and recombined in a way that the vortices and phase shifts of the flow induce intertwined lamellar structures, thus increasing the contact surface and enhancing mixing. The optimization improves the mixing while using a low flow rate, hence a small volume for mixing and moderate pressure drops. The performances of the patterns were first simulated using COMSOL Multiphysics under different operating conditions. The simulation indicates that at very low flow rate (1–12 µL·min−1) and Re (3.3–40), as well as a very small working volume (~ 3 nL), a very good mixing (~ 98%) can be achieved in the ms time range (4.5–78 ms). The most promising design was then visualized experimentally, showing results that are consistent with the outcomes of the simulations. Importantly, the devices were fabricated using a classical soft-lithography method, as opposed to additive manufacturing often used to generate complex mixing structures. This new device minimizes the sample consumption and could therefore be applied for studies using precious samples.

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“…42 That is the reason why a micromixer was designed for the chip. To fully and rapidly mix the cell suspension and the hypertonic solution, many micromixers can be used, such as the Tesla micromixer, 43 the staggered herringbone micromixer, 44 and the fishhook-shaped micromixer. 45 In this study, we adopted the chaotic micromixer proposed by Stroock et al, 33 which meets the requirements of mixing and also makes the chip as small as possible.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On-Chip Label-Free Sorting of Living and Dead Cells

Wang,

Li,

Miao

et al. 2023

ACS Biomater. Sci. Eng.

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With the emergence of various cutting-edge micromachining technologies, lab on a chip is growing rapidly, but it is always a challenge to realize the on-chip separation of living cells from cell samples without affecting cell activity and function. Herein, we report a novel on-chip label-free method for sorting living and dead cells by integrating the hypertonic stimulus and tilted-angle standing surface acoustic wave (T-SSAW) technologies. On a self-designed microfluidic chip, the hypertonic stimulus is used to distinguish cells by producing volume differences between living and dead cells, while T-SSAW is used to separate living and dead cells according to the cell volume difference. Under the optimized operation conditions, for the sample containing 50% of living human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and 50% of dead HUVECs treated with paraformaldehyde, the purity of living cells after the first separation can reach approximately 80%, while after the second separation, it can be as high as 93%; furthermore, the purity of living cells after separation increases with the initial proportion of living cells. In addition, the chip we designed is safe for cells and can robustly handle cell samples with different cell types or different causes of cell death. This work provides a new design of a microfluidic chip for label-free sorting of living and dead cells, greatly promoting the multi-functionality of lab on a chip.

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Thorough computational analysis of the staggered herringbone micromixer reveals transport mechanisms and enables mixing efficiency-based improved design

Cited by 36 publications

References 71 publications

Particle Metrology Approach to Understanding How Storage Conditions Affect Long-Term Liposome Stability

Particle Metrology Approach to Understanding How Storage Conditions Affect Long-Term Liposome Stability

A millisecond passive micromixer with low flow rate, low sample consumption and easy fabrication

On-Chip Label-Free Sorting of Living and Dead Cells

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