Thoracic CT images: effect of lossy image compression on diagnostic accuracy.

Cosman, Pamela C.; Davidson, H. Christian; Bergin, Colleen J.; Tseng, Chien-Wen; Moses, Lincoln E.; Riskin, Eve A.; Olshen, Richard A.; Gray, Robert M.

doi:10.1148/radiology.190.2.8284409

Cited by 75 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…CT images generally exhibit lower tolerance to compression than plain radiographs [5,7,14,15]. The acceptable compression level was reported to be as high as 8:1 to 20:1.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The acceptable compression level was reported to be as high as 8:1 to 20:1. These reported thresholds include 8:1 for the diagnosis of acute appendicitis (using a wavelet compression algorithm) [16], 9:1 for the detection of mediastinal adenopathy and pulmonary nodules (tree-structured vector quantization) [14], 10:1 for the detection of focal hepatic lesions (a threedimensional wavelet) [7], 10:1 for nodule detection at lowdose chest CT (JPEG 2000) [17], 10:1 for the detection rate of small lung cancers at low-dose CT (JPEG and a wavelet) [18], 10:1 for the measurement of pulmonary nodule volume at low-dose CT (JPEG 2000) [19], 20:1 for the diagnosis of coronary artery calcification (JPEG and a wavelet) [15], 20:1 for the detection of acute cerebral infarction (JPEG) [20], and 20:1 for the detection of polyps at CT colonography (a wavelet) [21].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Irreversible JPEG 2000 compression of abdominal CT for primary interpretation: assessment of visually lossless threshold

Lee

Kim

et al. 2006

Eur Radiol

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To estimate the visually lossless threshold for Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG) 2000 compression of contrast-enhanced abdominal computed tomography (CT) images, 100 images were compressed to four different levels: a reversible (as negative control) and irreversible 5:1, 10:1, and 15:1. By alternately displaying the original and the compressed image on the same monitor, six radiologists independently determined if the compressed image was distinguishable from the original image. For each reader, we compared the proportion of the compressed images being rated distinguishable from the original images between the reversible compression and each of the three irreversible compressions using the exact test for paired proportions. For each reader, the proportion was not significantly different between the reversible (0-1%, 0/100 to 1/100) and irreversible 5:1 compression (0-3%). However, the proportion significantly increased with the irreversible 10:1 (95-99%) and 15:1 compressions (100%) versus reversible compression in all readers (P < 0.001); 100 and 95% of the 5:1 compressed images were rated indistinguishable from the original images by at least five of the six readers and all readers, respectively. Irreversibly 5:1 compressed abdominal CT images are visually lossless and, therefore, potentially acceptable for primary interpretation.

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“…CT images generally exhibit lower tolerance to compression than plain radiographs [5,7,14,15]. The acceptable compression level was reported to be as high as 8:1 to 20:1.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Irreversible JPEG 2000 compression of abdominal CT for primary interpretation: assessment of visually lossless threshold

Lee

Kim

et al. 2006

Eur Radiol

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“…There are few studies that evaluate the eect of image compression on diagnostic ability in body CT. Cosman et al 9 found that compression levels of 9:1 did not impair diagnosis of mediastinal adenopathy or pulmonary nodules on CT images. Goldberg et al 11 looked at the eect of varying compression levels on the ability to detect hepatic space occupying lesions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…9,10,22 This study was undertaken to evaluate the eect of varying compression levels on the ability of radiologists to make a CT diagnosis of acute appendicitis, the presence of which is detected by the perception of subtle dierences in contrast. Appendicitis is common, the CT accuracy is well known from multiple published studies, 6,14 and rapid surgical veri®cation is possible.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Computed Tomography Diagnosis Utilizing Compressed Image Data: An ROC Analysis Using Acute Appendicitis as a Model

Megibow

Rusinek

Lisi

et al. 2002

Journal of Digital Imaging

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Using receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) methodology, the ability to diagnose acute appendicitis with computed tomography (CT) images displayed at varying levels of lossy compression was evaluated. Nine sequential images over the ileocecal region were obtained from 53 consecutive patients with right lower quadrant pain who were clinically suspected to have acute appendicitis. Thirty were proven surgically to have acute appendicitis, alternative diagnoses con®rmed in 23. The image sets were subjected to a lossy wavelet-based compression algorithm``Embedded Predictive Wavelet Image Coder'' (EPWIC). Compression levels were: none, 8:1, 16:1, and 24:1, resulting in 4 sets of images per patient. Image sets were randomized and evaluated separately by 4 body radiologists on a 1,024´768-pixel SVGA color PC monitor in 512´512 format. The readers were aware of the clinical suspicion of appendicitis but were unaware of the positive fraction of cases. Individual and combined reader ROC and v 2 analyses of sensitivity, speci®city, and accuracy were determined. For all readers, sensitivity decreases at 16:1 and 24:1 levels (P < 0.01, P < 0.001, respectively). Accuracy decreased at 24:1 levels (P < 0.01). Speci®city was unaected. By ROC analysis there was statistically signi®cantly decreased area under the curve at 24:1 levels (P < 0.02) as compared with uncompressed images. Finite levels of lossy wavelet compression may be applied to CT images without compromising diagnostic performance.

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“…Previous studies of the effects of lossy compression on diagnostic accuracy have focused on the detection of structures [5,7,8,15,19,26]. However, measurement tasks also play a crucial role in diagnostic radiology.…”

Section: Mr Study: Example Of Measurement Accuracymentioning

confidence: 99%

Quality Evaluation for Compressed Medical Images: Diagnostic Accuracy

Cosman

Gray²,

Olshen³

2000

Handbook of Medical Imaging

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Thoracic CT images: effect of lossy image compression on diagnostic accuracy.

Abstract: The techniques presented for evaluation of image quality do not depend on the specific compression algorithm and provide a useful approach to evaluation of the benefits of any lossy image processing technique.

Cited by 75 publications

References 39 publications

Irreversible JPEG 2000 compression of abdominal CT for primary interpretation: assessment of visually lossless threshold

Irreversible JPEG 2000 compression of abdominal CT for primary interpretation: assessment of visually lossless threshold

Computed Tomography Diagnosis Utilizing Compressed Image Data: An ROC Analysis Using Acute Appendicitis as a Model

Quality Evaluation for Compressed Medical Images: Diagnostic Accuracy

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