Thomas the (Un)Faithful: Πιστός in John 20.27

Abstract

Thomas in John’s gospel has often been understood as the prototypical doubter based on Jn 20.27. Jesus’ words are taken as condemning a failure of intellectual belief, despite the shift in 20.27 from the frequent use of πιστεύω to the adjective πιστός. Yet the use of πιστός in other texts denotes faithfulness and often the actions which display faithfulness. The prominent theme of witness in Jn 20, along with contrasts to Synoptic accounts of post-resurrection doubt, point towards Thomas’s failure as a failure to take up Jesus’ commission and become a faithful witness. This is confirmed by Thomas’s response to Jesus, where he becomes an active witness to Jesus as God (20.28).

From Wounds to Scars: The Embodiment of a Forwarded Past through the Body Marks of Jesus in John 20

“…While some scholars regard Thomas’s earlier request for tangible proofs as an indication of unfavourable scepticism (Morris 1995: 751; Brown 1966: 1045), other critics consider Thomas as an empiricist whose requests are ‘signs of awareness and insight’ (Lee 1995: 43; cf. Ridderbos 1992: 649; Seglenieks 2022: 148–50). Scholars from both sides of the debate tend to suggest that the recognition scene took place as a means to ascertain the reality and physicality of the resurrected Jesus (Brown 1966: 1046; Larsen 2008: 209; cf.…”