“This perfume makes me sick, but I like it.” Representative survey on health effects associated with fragrances

Klaschka, Ursula

doi:10.1186/s12302-020-00311-y

Cited by 3 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…These results should be seen in the light of the answers given by the survey participants on their exposure to fragrances. Nearly all of the general population (96.3-99.1%) indicate to expose themselves to fragrances [3], while at the same time around half of the population indicate that they do not use a fragranced product, if they learned that it emitted hazardous air pollutants. This fact might be explained by the insufficient knowledge about the general presence of hazardous air pollutants in fragranced products.…”

Section: Non-fragrancesensitive Peoplementioning

confidence: 99%

“…These data reveal again that survey participants give answers, which seem at first sight counterintuitive, but might be perfectly rational for reasons, which were not addressed in the survey. Some potential further explanations are also discussed in [3].…”

Section: General Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hazard and risk communication instruments are not always as effective as expected, as the following examples illustrate. Most consumers are not informed about sources of fragrance exposure and the (eco)toxicology of fragrances [3,34]. Furthermore, the precise comprehension of hazard labels is rather poor in the general population in Europe [35], even if the majority indicates to use this hazard communication instrument as described above.…”

Section: The Long Way From Hazard Communication To Safety Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The present study presents new data of the most recent nationally representative survey conducted in Germany [1,3]. One main intention here was to find out whether there are differences between the fragrance-sensitive and non-sensitive persons in Germany.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For these analyses, I used answers obtained by the representative survey conducted in Germany in 2019 [1,3]. Surveys are an essential part to develop suitable hazard and risk communication strategies and they can complement the widely used "deficit model".…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Between attraction and avoidance: from perfume application to fragrance-free policies

Klaschka

2020

Environ Sci Eur

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Background: According to a national representative survey, 19.9% of the German population describe various adverse effects on personal health upon exposure to fragranced consumer products. This study investigates whether these fragrance-sensitive persons have a higher risk awareness compared to the general public, whether they show a different safety behavior concerning fragrances and whether they reduce exposure and hence risk. Results: The presence of fragrances can have a major impact on the participation in public activities. Half of the fragrance-sensitive persons have ever been prevented from going to some place to avoid exposure to fragrances. More than half of them prefer fragrance-free alternatives (products, laundry, hotels, airplanes, health care facilities, or workplaces), while there are also fragrance-sensitive individuals, who indicate to prefer fragranced products and spaces. Half of fragrance-sensitive persons use perfumes to feel themselves more attractive. Furthermore, there is a large number of persons who prefer fragrance-free alternatives without being fragrance-sensitive. Around half of the general population indicate not to use a fragranced product if they know that it emits hazardous air pollutants. This shows that health effects associated with the presence of fragrances proved to be one out of several factors, but not the only one, which influences attitudes towards fragrances and their usage. The answers given reveal the multitude of aspects influencing risk awareness and safety behavior. According to the survey results, 7.4 workdays were lost due to illness from fragranced product exposure in the workplace per person on average, with estimated personal economic costs of 14.5 * 10 9 Euro/year in Germany. Conclusions: The high prevalence of persons who correlate their health effects with exposure to fragrances shows that existing risk communication instruments are too weak, even for people who are aware of a risk, like fragrancesensitive persons. The data substantiate how important it is to respect cognitive dissonance, confirmation bias and the inadequacy of the deficit model in risk management. The issue of adverse health effects associated with fragrances has reached a dimension, which requires immediate action: The results of this study are strong supporting arguments in favor of fragrance-free policies.

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Section: Non-fragrancesensitive Peoplementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: General Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Long Way From Hazard Communication To Safety Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Between attraction and avoidance: from perfume application to fragrance-free policies

Klaschka

2020

Environ Sci Eur

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Risk Perception and Use of Personal Care Products by Race and Ethnicity among A Diverse Population

Mandeville,

Alkhalaf,

Joannidis

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background: Personal care products (PCPs) can contain phthalates, parabens, and other endocrine-disrupting chemicals. However, information on perception of risks from PCP use and how use varies by race and ethnicity is limited. Objective: We evaluated differences in PCP use and risk perception in a diverse sample of participants recruited from a U.S. college campus and online. Methods: A self-administered questionnaire captured information on sociodemographic factors, PCP use trends, and perception of risk associated with PCPs. Pearson's Chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests were used to determine differences in PCP use and risk perception by race and ethnicity. Ordered logistic regressions were performed to measure associations between PCP use frequency across racial/ethnic categories. Results: Participant (n=770) mean age was 22.8 years (SD ± 6.0). Daily use of make-up (eye = 29.3%; other=38.0%; all=33.7%) and skincare products (55%) was most frequently reported among Middle Eastern and North African (MENA) participants. Non-Hispanic Black (NHB) participants reported the highest daily use of hairstyling products (52%) and lotion (78%). Daily make-up use was more frequently reported among females (41%) than males (24.6%). Levels of agreement were similar across racial and ethnic groups, that PCP manufacturers should be required to list all ingredients (≥87%). There were significant associations between the frequency of use of some personal care products and racial/ethnic categories when the use frequencies of participants from other racial/ethnic categories were compared to the use frequency of NHW participants. Conclusion: There were significant differences in daily use frequency, levels of trust, perception of safety, and health risks associated with PCPs by race and ethnicity, underscoring that there may be different sources of exposure to chemicals in PCPs by race and ethnicity.

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Risk perception and use of personal care products by race and ethnicity among a diverse population

Mandeville,

Alkhalaf,

Joannidis

et al. 2024

UCL Open Environment

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Personal care products can contain phthalates, parabens and other endocrine-disrupting chemicals. However, information on perception of risks from personal care product use and how use varies by race and ethnicity is limited. We evaluated differences in personal care product use and risk perception in a diverse sample of participants recruited from a US college campus and online. A self-administered questionnaire captured information on sociodemographic factors, personal care product use trends and perception of risk associated with them. Pearson’s chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests were used to determine differences in personal care product use and risk perception by race and ethnicity. Ordered logistic regressions were performed to measure associations between personal care product use frequency across racial/ethnic categories. Participant (n = 770) mean age was 22.8 years [standard deviation ± 6.0]. Daily use of make-up (eye = 29.3%; other = 38.0%; all = 33.7%) and skincare products (55%) was most frequently reported among Middle Eastern and North African participants. Non-Hispanic Black participants reported the highest daily use of hairstyling products (52%) and lotion (78%). Daily make-up use was more frequently reported among females (41%) than males (24.6%). Levels of agreement were similar across racial and ethnic groups, that personal care product manufacturers should be required to list all ingredients (≥87%). There were significant associations between the frequency of use of some personal care products and racial/ethnic categories when the use frequencies of participants from other racial/ethnic categories were compared to the use frequency of non-Hispanic White participants. There were significant differences in daily use frequency, levels of trust, perception of safety and health risks associated with personal care products by race and ethnicity, underscoring that there may be different sources of exposure to chemicals in personal care products by race and ethnicity.

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“This perfume makes me sick, but I like it.” Representative survey on health effects associated with fragrances

Cited by 3 publications

References 21 publications

Between attraction and avoidance: from perfume application to fragrance-free policies

Between attraction and avoidance: from perfume application to fragrance-free policies

Risk Perception and Use of Personal Care Products by Race and Ethnicity among A Diverse Population

Risk perception and use of personal care products by race and ethnicity among a diverse population

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