THIRTEEN. Inebriate Reformatories in Scotland: An Institutional History

McLaughlin, Patrick M.

doi:10.1525/9780520334052-013

Cited by 6 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Opioid misuse continued to be responded to by family doctors, often administering to each other. By the end of the Second World War, reformatories had largely been phased out (McLaughlin, 1991) and specialist provision within psychiatry was relatively rare (Bean, 1974). However, developments in social care and juvenile justice in the management and education of "unmanageable" children had quietly continued throughout this period and the connections between these pioneering interventions and the early therapeutic community experimenters such as Bertram Mandelbrote, Norman Glaister, Harold Bridger and others are telling (Yates, 2002).…”

Section: New British Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

A brief history of British drug policy: 1850-1950

Yates

2020

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Purpose As the clamour within the drug treatment field in the UK – and throughout much of Europe – increases, leading agencies are arguing for a review of the current legislation and a change in focus away from criminal justice and towards a more public health understanding of addiction. Therapeutic communities have found themselves united with many drug users-led campaigns to argue for a wholesale restructuring of the legislative, policy and funding arrangements which recognises the role of recovery-oriented interventions within the mix. Given these on-going debates, it is perhaps useful to understand how the current arrangements were established [1]. Design/methodology/approach In 1850s, the sale of opium – like alcohol – was largely unregulated. It was widely used, in a variety of preparations, by all classes for medical and non-medical purposes. A pennyworth of opium was as likely (perhaps more likely) as a pound of potatoes to find its way into the weekly shopping basket. Findings By the 1920s, the Fu Manchu novels of Sax Rohmer – with their tales of innocent English virgins being seduced into crime and sexual perversion by an evil Chinese genius who lurked within the opium dens of Edwardian Britain – had redefined opium as a drug of the outside, the deadly, an agent in the enslavement of innocence. Originality/value This dramatic change was largely brought about by the introduction of an array of new medications and a move away from traditional “herbal” remedies. This change was accelerated by the experiences of the First World War and underpinned by the print media and laid the foundations of the legislation and policy of the present day.

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Section: New British Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

A brief history of British drug policy: 1850-1950

Yates

2020

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The place of drink: Temperance and the public, 1856–1914

Kneale¹

2001

Social & Cultural Geography

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Discussions of the place of drink in Britain between 1856 and 1914 were centrally concerned with alcohol as a public problem. Temperance organizations like the United Kingdom Alliance largely abandoned their attempts to reform individuals and instead demanded the prohibition of drink sales. This new concern for the public sphere of politics and public opinion was matched by a new sensitivity to the social contexts of drinking, the role of the drink trade and rituals of conviviality. Temperance documents thus allow us to glimpse two new senses of the public: a wider public sphere, in which the Alliance sought to organize public opinion through lectures, the press and the preparation of moral statistics ; and a space of social interaction governed by rational behaviour and ideals of citizenship. It is also possible to construct a contrasting, 'customary', sense of public space based upon drink as a form of gift exchange which symbolized strong bonds of reciprocity. In striving to replace these ties with more abstract and political senses of citizenship and democratic rights, temperance workers played a part in the remaking of understandings of public space as a mirror image of the public sphere.

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