Third-order nonlinear optical susceptibility of crystalline oxide yttria-stabilized zirconia

Abstract

Nonlinear all-optical technology is an ultimate route for next generation ultra-fast signal processing of optical communication system. New nonlinear functionalities need to be implemented in photonics and complex oxides are considered as promising candidates due to their wide panel of attributes. In this context, Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia (YSZ) stands out thanks to its capability to be epitaxially grown on silicon, adapting the lattice for the crystalline oxides family of materials. We report for the first time a detailed theoretical and experimental study about the third order nonlinear susceptibility in crystalline YSZ. Via self-phase modulation induced broadening and considering the in-plane orientation of YSZ, we experimentally obtained an effective Kerr coefficient of n Y SZ 2 = 4.0 ± 2 • 10 −19 m 2 W −1 in a 8%mol. YSZ waveguide. In agreement with the theoretically predicted n Y SZ 2 = 1.3 • 10 −19 m 2 W −1 , the third order nonlinear coefficient of YSZ is comparable to the one of silicon nitride (SiN), already used in nonlinear optics. These promising results are a new step towards the implementation of functional oxides for nonlinear optical applications.

Easy-Made Setup for High-Temperature (Up to 1100 °C) Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy

“…The dependence of the gas atmosphere on the 8YSZ conductivity (specified in this study by a gas pressure of 1 atm and a flow of 20 sccm) and especially on the oxygen vacancies saturation is manifested by the presence of the charges in the bulk of the material, which causes creation of holes within CeO 2 and In 2 O 3 . The exact character of holes and the creation of localized Frenkel exciton states within the 8YSZ, as well as their exact position and contribution to the final states of the Bloch-conduction band, are not fully understood yet and are currently a matter of intensive computational studies (Ref [46][47][48][49]. In case of the data presented in Table 1, the conductivity of 8YSZ varies strongly with the atmosphere, while the position of relative to the conduction band and easily obtainable flatband may provide additional merits explaining the accessibility of excitons and their influence on the conductivity (Ref 50).…”

From anisotropy of dielectric tensors to birefringence: a quantum mechanics approach

“…(3) (− ; ,− , ) susceptibility. A recent application referring to yttria-stabilized zirconia can be found in Marcaud et al (2020). Several other NLO processes also appear when combining the Taylor development of the polarization vector shown in Eq.…”

Femtosecond Laser-Induced Anisotropic Structure and Nonlinear Optical Response of Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia Single Crystals with Different Planes

“…Here, a yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) single crystal is chosen due to its extraordinary thermal and chemical stability as well as anisotropic mechanical and nonlinear optical performance. 14 During the interaction between the YSZ single crystal and the fs laser, the electron dynamics needs to be fully understood because electrons are considered to determine the laser energy absorption process and the material removal process. 15 The further formation of micro-/nanostructures changes the interaction between the fs laser and YSZ, thus affecting the NLO properties.…”