Third-order exceptional point and successive switching among three states in an optical microcavity

Laha, Arnab; Beniwal, Dinesh; Dey, Sibnath; Biswas, Abhijit; Ghosh, Somnath

doi:10.1103/physreva.101.063829

Cited by 24 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Then, we will demonstrate and compare four types of common nanostructures used for generating and confining light and controlling the light characteristics, namely, optical waveguide, [24][25][26][27][28][29][30] photonic crystal, [24,[31][32][33][34][35][36] metasurface, [37][38][39][40][41][42] and microcavity. [43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52] Although they differ in shape or arrangement, these nanostructures can sometimes be designed to achieve similar functions, while different structures have their unique advantages. Therefore, it is of great importance to identify the functions and applications realized by different nanostructures which are useful for rationally selecting the corresponding structures in different application circumstances and finding new research trends in specific interactions.…”

Section: Light-atom Interaction Affected By Nanostructuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

On‐Chip Light–Atom Interactions: Physics and Applications

Wang

Chai

2022

Advanced Photonics Research

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The large volumes induced by complex free‐space optical paths pose a challenge to quantum precision measurement and optical communication in traditional optics. Meanwhile, on‐chip integration is an important requirement for quantum technology. To simplify complicated optical systems, the development of miniaturized and integrated devices with a variety of structures, such as optical waveguide, microcavity, photonic crystal, and metasurface, has attracted increasing attention. Herein, on‐chip light–atom interactions affected by these nanostructures from the aspects of recent advancement in their physics and applications are reviewed. In recent years, different nanostructures are used to realize the functions of macro‐optical systems. The structural characteristics, interaction mechanisms, and main achievements in terms of the applications of the corresponding devices are demonstrated and compared. Finally, the research trends and challenges as well as the scope for future work are discussed.

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Section: Light-atom Interaction Affected By Nanostructuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

On‐Chip Light–Atom Interactions: Physics and Applications

Wang

Chai

2022

Advanced Photonics Research

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“…[17,18] To realize multiple oscillation quenching states in a given system and achieve an all-optical transition between these states, we investigate a triatomic PT-symmetric photonic molecule composed of one Hermitian and linear resonator and two non-Hermitian and nonlinear resonators (Figure 1). In the linear regime, the triatomic PT-symmetric system has been widely studied to utilize higher-order exceptional points (EPs) [12,[21][22][23][24][25] for enhanced sensitivity, [12] mechanical cooling, [21] cavity magnonics systems, [23] successive state conversion, [24] and wireless power transfer. [22,25] To extend the higher-order EP system into memory functions, we employ the emergence of oscillation quenching states and the transition between them, realizing binary (ON-OFF) stable states (Figure 1).…”

Section: Model Definitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Topologically Protected All‐Optical Memory

Choi

Kim

Kwak

et al. 2022

Adv Elect Materials

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The expected solution for overcoming this bottleneck includes near-or in-memory computing, [2] which imposes memory functions on processing units or vice versa. A representative example is found in electronics: the memristor, which is the so-called missing fourth circuit element. [3,4] The nonvolatile analog memory functions incorporated with Ohm's law and Kirchhoff 's law in an electronic memristor enable in-memory signal processing for artificial neural networks. [5] On the other hand, the realization of an in-memory processing unit in integrated photonics is not yet successful, especially for all-optical devices, although some insightful memory-related applications have been demonstrated such as stopping light, [6] electro-optical quantum memristors, [7] flip-flop memory, [8] and all-optical integrators. [9] To realize a photonic in-memory processor, its unit element must satisfy the following design criteria: multiple error-robust optical memory states and efficient transitions between them. First, the unit element needs to support optical states that are robust to possible noise or defects in its operation to stably memorize the state of light. Second, similar to a one-transistor-one-memristor (1T1R) configuration in electronics, [5] the unit element should include a toolkit for bidirectional transitions between multiple memory states. Notably, these criteria should be satisfied with a platform that is integratable with all-optical signal processors, for example, allowing state-preserving readout of the memory states. However, these criteria-the robustness of optical states to possible defects and the energy-efficient tunability-are usually contradictory, as proven in topological [10] and disordered photonics [11] and sensing applications. [12] The design of a photonic memristor-analogous unit for in-memory processors is thus not a straightforward task.In this paper, we propose an all-optical building block for photonic in-memory processors by exploiting dynamical parity-time (PT)-symmetric systems. We classify PT-symmetric phases and analyze the Lyapunov stability [13] for a triatomic PT-symmetric system including saturable nonlinearities. The analysis shows the coexistence of topologically protected stable states, that is, oscillation quenching states. We also demonstrate that the building block allows incoherent switching between these oscillation quenching states through all-optical modulations. With the simultaneous achievement of topology-enabled error robustness and all-optical transition in a platform integratable with all-optical signal processors, our study will pave the way for realizing robust photonic in-memory processors.The in-memory processor has played an essential role in overcoming the von Neumann bottleneck, which arises from the partition of memory and a processing unit. Although photonic technologies have recently attracted attention for ultrafast and power-efficient in-memory computing, the realization of an alloptical in-memory processor remains a challenge. This difficulty originates...

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“…Besides only EP2s, relative theoretical schemes [29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38] and experimental realizations [15,[39][40][41][42][43][44][45] have been raised to investigate higher-order EPs, owing to the 𝑛th-root response near an 𝑛th-order EPs is extremely sensitive to the external perturbation, in contrast to the squareroot response near an EP2. Higher sensitivity requires more demanding experimental conditions, all parameters have to be precisely controlled to prepare the system on EPs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scalable higher-order exceptional surface with passive resonators

Yang,

Mao,

Qin

et al. 2021

Preprint

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The sensitivity of perturbation sensing can be effectively enhanced with higher-order exceptional points due to the nonlinear response to frequency splitting. However, the experimental implementation is challenging since all the parameters need to be precisely prepared. The emergence of exceptional surface (ES) improves the robustness of the system to the external environment, while maintaining the same sensitivity. Here, we propose the first scalable protocol for realizing photonic high-order exceptional surface with passive resonators. By adding one or more additional passive resonators in the low-order ES photonic system, the 3-or arbitrary N-order ES is constructed and proved to be easily realized in experiment. We show that the sensitivity is enhanced and experimental demonstration is more resilent against the fabrication errors. The additional phase-modulation effect is also investigated.

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Third-order exceptional point and successive switching among three states in an optical microcavity

Cited by 24 publications

References 43 publications

On‐Chip Light–Atom Interactions: Physics and Applications

On‐Chip Light–Atom Interactions: Physics and Applications

Topologically Protected All‐Optical Memory

Scalable higher-order exceptional surface with passive resonators

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