Third-Generation Partnership Project Standards: For Delivery of Critical Communications for Railways

Zayas, Almudena Díaz; Perez, Cesar A. Garcia; Gómez, Pedro Merino

doi:10.1109/mvt.2014.2311592

Cited by 27 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The services that can be deployed in the proposed solutions have to be discussed. While the architectures are more than suitable to accelerate peer‐to‐peer communications, especially in mission‐critical environments such as in the work of Zayas et al, it is more difficult to deploy content‐based services (such as video or music on demand), as they will require techniques to cache content in the servers. This problem has been covered in different research papers, such as by Oueis et al and Braun and Monteiro .…”

Section: Discussion Of the Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental evaluation of fog computing techniques to reduce latency in LTE networks

García-Pérez

Merino

2017

Trans Emerging Tel Tech

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The changes in new mobile networks toward a full Internet protocol-based architecture have led to opportunities for service-oriented optimizations based on emergent technologies like fog computing, software-defined networking, or network function virtualization. This paper explores 2 ways of using these new technologies to reduce the latency in Long-Term Evolution (LTE) networks. Both solutions reduce the path that the data packets should follow from the base station (evolved Node B [eNB]) to the network components that connect to the servers. The first solution, called Fog Gateway, is based on the interception of the packets in the tunnel at the eNB and their redirection to local servers running the fog services. This solution is fully compliant with the current LTE architecture and only requires new components. The second solution, called General Packet Radio Service Tunneling Protocol Gateway (GTP), is based on splitting the eNB's functionality to avoid unnecessary GTP encapsulation of the packets geared toward the fog services. This paper includes an analysis of the latency split in LTE networks, the evaluation of both solutions with experiments in an end-to-end LTE network testbed, and a discussion around their applicability in future fifth-generation networks. The results confirm that they are feasible to provide low-latency services and that they are compatible with some of the emergent paradigms (software-defined networking and network function virtualization) as well as with the studies on fifth-generation networks from the standardization bodies.

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Section: Discussion Of the Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental evaluation of fog computing techniques to reduce latency in LTE networks

García-Pérez

Merino

2017

Trans Emerging Tel Tech

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“…With the increasing continuously development of HSR in recent years, the problem of the safety of train operation is taking an interest impressively because the control of train operation is very important part in the safety of train operation and is known as heart of HSR communications. A standard has been designed to control of train operation center by european train control system (ETCS) [8], [9]. So as to make ETCS work better, international union of railway (UIC) used the Global System for mobile communications for railway (GSM-R) [10].…”

Section: High-speed Railway Communicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A survey on advanced transmission technologies for high bandwidth and good signal quality for high-speed railways

Rafay

Idrus²,

Yusof³

et al. 2021

IJEECS

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Ahigh-speedrailway (HSR) has gained very high popularity for passengersdue to the fast, reliable, economical and convenient during traveling a verylong-distance journey. Thedemandfor advancedbroadbandservices such aswatching4K movies, cloud computing andonline gaming, has exponentiallyincreased fortravelerson thehigh-speedtrain(HST).The HSTcan’t providegood bandwidth to facilitate these services for travelers via existingtechnologies such as cellular networksand satellite networks because offrequent handoffs, high penetration and fading.So, the bandwidth degradesdramatically due to these issues. Research workers have developed proposalsto handle these problems by advanced transmission technologies for HSR.Until now,varioustransmissionschemeshave beensuggestedby researchworks with thefocusfor either high bandwidth or signal qualityimprovement. This paper presents a survey on advanced transmissiontechnologies for high bandwidth and good signal quality. In this paper, acomprehensive survey of the appropriate literature published that concentrateon advanced transmission methods in HSR communications in getting higherbandwidth efficiency and maximize the signal quality is presented. Advancedtransmission method can be categorized into orthogonal frequencydivisionmultiplexing (OFDM), multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) and radio-over-fiber (RoF).

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“…ETCS requirements for circuit-switched based networks are defined by UIC [8]. In case of packet-switched based networks these requirements are still being discussed and are not finalized.…”

Section: Lte Cell Radio Link Capacity Estimationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, it must be proven that LTE is able to fulfill safety requirements set by the railway industry. Hence, a growing number of research works investigate LTE as a likely future communication technology for railways and other vehicles [7], [8], [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Capacity gain with an alternative LTE railway communication network

Sniady

Soler

2014

2014 7th International Workshop on Communication Technologies for Vehicles (Nets4Cars-Fall)

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Abstract-GSM-Railways (GSM-R) is the first international communication network designed specifically for railways. Most of the deployed GSM-R networks were initially used only to provide the railway voice communication. However, as more of these GSM-R networks begin to support the European Train Control System (ETCS) signaling, the capacity of GSM-R turns out to be insufficient. GSM-R cannot fulfill the railway requirements, in terms of the number of simultaneous ETCS connections. This is why, alternative, more efficient communication technologies should be considered by railways, such as 3GPP Long Term Evolution (LTE). This paper describes how to adapt the reversible multi-chain/channel queuing system to model an LTE cell serving ETCS-equipped trains. It is proposed to use the multiple user chains available in the model to represent varying bitrate in LTE radio access network. Using this model, LTE and GSM-R are compared in terms of capacity on an example at Copenhagen Main Train Station. The purpose of this work is to demonstrate the benefits that railway operators and infrastructure managers can expect from the introduction of LTE, as a telecommunication technology for railway control signaling and additional applications.

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Third-Generation Partnership Project Standards: For Delivery of Critical Communications for Railways

Cited by 27 publications

References 5 publications

Experimental evaluation of fog computing techniques to reduce latency in LTE networks

Experimental evaluation of fog computing techniques to reduce latency in LTE networks

A survey on advanced transmission technologies for high bandwidth and good signal quality for high-speed railways

Capacity gain with an alternative LTE railway communication network

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