Third and fourth degree perineal tears: incidence and risk factors in an Italian setting

Cola, Alice; Frigerio, Matteo; Manodoro, Stefano; Verri, Debora; Interdonato, Maria Lieta; Nicoli, Elena; Sicuri, Martina; Spelzini, Federico; Vergani, Patrizia; Milani, Rodolfo

doi:10.1016/j.ejogrb.2016.07.095

Cited by 5 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…Furthermore, a decision may be made to deliver a mother with fetal macrosomia by caesarean section. Similar ndings have been reported in other studies [30], [10].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…The close monitoring is to allow timely diagnosis of abnormal progress for speci c intervention. Similar ndings were also highlighted in several studies [11], [9], [10].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Women who sustain birth related perineal injuries are at risk of undesirable maternal outcomes. The most common outcomes are, postpartum hemorrhage, perineal pain, sexual dysfunction, rectovaginal stula and anal incontinence The risk factors for perineal tear consistently highlighted in previous studies are:-duration of second stage of labour >1hours, [5], [9], [10], nulliparity [6], [11], fetal weight ≥ 3.5kg [12], [4], fetal weight ≥4.0 Kg [6], [9], assisted vaginal delivery [9], [6], [13], occiput posterior position [14], [15], precipitate labour [13], [16], and fetal head circumference >35cm [17]. Episiotomy has been linked to occurrence of perineal tear, but with con icting reports.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Risk Factors for Perineal Tears Among Women Delivering at Kawempe National Referral Hospital, Uganda: A Case Control Study

G¹,

Kafunjo²,

Lawrence³

2021

Preprint

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Background: Perineal tear is a common complication of vaginal delivery with a significant negative impact on the quality of life. The condition commonly occurs among un-attended deliveries or those conducted by unskilled birth attendant especially in low-resource settings. The risk factors for perineal tear were not known at Kawempe Hospital. We conducted this study to determine the risk factors for perineal tear among women delivering at Kawempe National Referral Hospital, Uganda. Methods: This was a case control study that was conducted among women who had vaginal delivery at Kawempe National Referral Hospital from 20th December 2019 to 5th February 2020. Data on sociodemographic, maternal, fetal and provider characteristics were collected using an interviewer’s administered questionnaire. Risk factors were determined using bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results: The risk factors for perineal tear were: maternal age of ≥20 years (AOR=7.24, 95% CI=2.28- 23.00, P<0.001), delivery by assistant nursing officer (AOR=16.39, 95% CI=5.74-46.81, p <0.001), primiparity (AOR=12.46, 95% CI,=3.41-45.52, P<0.001), single marital status (AOR=14.39 95%, CI=4.28-48.39, P<0.001), precipitate labour (AOR=7.8, 95% CI=2.21-27.55, P< 0.001), assisted vaginal delivery (AOR= 8.33, 95% CI=1.43-48.6, P<0.019), fetal weight ≥ 3.5Kg (AOR=2.19, 95% CI= 1.06- 4.53, P<0.033), duration of active first stage of labour ≥8 hours (AOR=12.65, 95% CI=5.65-28.25, P<0.001) and duration of second stage of labour > 1hour (AOR=10.21 95% CI=3.32-31.41, P<0.001). Conclusions. The risk factors for perineal tear during vaginal delivery at Kawempe National Referral Hospital were: maternal age ≥ 20 years, delivery by assistant nursing officer, primiparity, single marital status, precipitate labour, assisted vaginal delivery, fetal weight ≥ 3.5kg, duration of active first stage of labour ≥8 hours, duration of second stage of labour≥1hours.

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“…Furthermore, a decision may be made to deliver a mother with fetal macrosomia by caesarean section. Similar ndings have been reported in other studies [30], [10].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…The close monitoring is to allow timely diagnosis of abnormal progress for speci c intervention. Similar ndings were also highlighted in several studies [11], [9], [10].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Risk Factors for Perineal Tears Among Women Delivering at Kawempe National Referral Hospital, Uganda: A Case Control Study

G¹,

Kafunjo²,

Lawrence³

2021

Preprint

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“…[ 1 2 ] Although obstetric sphincter injuries are less common and estimated to be about 1 to 3% of deliveries,[ 3 4 5 ] some studies reported it between 6 and 11%. [ 6 7 ] In Iran, the overall incidence of severe cases reported to be 0.5%. [ 5 ] Due to severe physical and psychological complications, perineal trauma during childbirth, usually threatens maternal health in puerperal and postpartum period.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mental problems are seen as unstable mood and depression, which in severe perineal trauma are deemed as serious complications. [ 3 7 9 ] Physical complications of perineal trauma affect the quality of marital relationships and repetitive incontinence associated with it threatens the social recovery of affected women due to disruption in their social relationships. [ 8 9 11 ] Forouzi et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social recovery: A neglected dimension of caring for women with perineal trauma in Iran

Shoorab

Taghipour

Mirteimouri

et al. 2020

Iranian J Nursing Midwifery Res

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Background: Social recovery during the postnatal period in women with perineal trauma is a little-known concept. Therefore, this study was designed to explore the experiences of social recovery in women with childbirth-related perineal trauma. Materials and Methods: A qualitative approach using content analysis was adopted to study a purposive sample of 22 postnatal women with perineal trauma during birth at Omol-banin Hospital, Mashhad, Iran from April 20 th to December 25 th , 2017. The participants were selected between 10 days to one year after childbirth. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews. Conventional content analysis approach was performed, concurrently, with data collection. To organize data, the MAXQDA 10 was used. Results: Social recovery after perineal trauma was conceptualized as 'shifting from personal ill-health to interactional empowerment'. Two generic categories emerged from data analysis including 1) impaired individual and social function, which was recognized by social isolation and lack of ability to manage daily life and 2) empowering social interactions, which was characterized by rebuilding social partnerships and returning to an interactive lifestyle. Conclusions: Social isolation as the result of neglecting social recovery of women with severe perineal trauma endangers the mental health of mothers. Understanding the concept of social recovery for women with perineal trauma, especially in severe cases, will help health professionals to provide quality postpartum care for women with perineal trauma in a longer period after childbirth.

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Risk factors associated with severe perineal tear at Public Hospitals in Bahir Dar town, Northwest Ethiopia

Addisu,

Fentahun

2024

SAGE Open Medicine

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Background: Birth-related perineal trauma is a public health issue that can lead to significant maternal morbidity in low-income countries like Ethiopia. Research on the proportion and underlying factors of birth-related severe perineal tears is rare, both in the study area and throughout Ethiopia. As a result, this study was intended to determine the proportion of birth-related severe perineal tears and associated factors at hospitals in Bahir Dar town, Ethiopia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was undertaken at government hospitals in Bahir Dar, Ethiopia. Five hundred fifteen study subjects were selected using a systematic sampling technique. The data was collected through chart reviews and interviews. Data was entered and analyzed using SPSS Version 23. A binary logistic regression was employed to identify factors, and an adjusted odds ratio and a 95% CI were used to estimate the strength of relationships. Statistical significance was declared at p-value < 0.05. Result: The prevalence of severe perineal tears was 7.4%. Previous history of a perineal tear (AOR = 3.06, 95% CI = 1.24–7.59), being nullipara (AOR = 4.03, 95% CI = 1.42–11.44), occipito-posterior position (AOR = 5.49, 95% CI = 2.27–13.28), duration of second stage of labor > 2 h (AOR = 5.42, 95% CI = 2.26–12.99), birth attendant’s work experience <1 year (AOR = 5.98, 95% CI = 2.16–16.57) were found to be associated with birth-related severe perineal tear. Conclusion: The proportion of birth-related severe perineal tears was high at governmental hospitals in Bahir Dar town. Previous history of perineal tear, work experience of birth attendants, duration of the second stage of labor, being nullipara, and occipito-posterior position were the major determinants of severe perineal tear. This study suggests that strategies and regulations should be developed to shorten the second stage of labor.

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Third and fourth degree perineal tears: incidence and risk factors in an Italian setting

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Risk Factors for Perineal Tears Among Women Delivering at Kawempe National Referral Hospital, Uganda: A Case Control Study

Risk Factors for Perineal Tears Among Women Delivering at Kawempe National Referral Hospital, Uganda: A Case Control Study

Social recovery: A neglected dimension of caring for women with perineal trauma in Iran

Risk factors associated with severe perineal tear at Public Hospitals in Bahir Dar town, Northwest Ethiopia

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