Thiopentone and propofol: a compatible mixture?

Paw, Henry; Garrood, Martin; Fillery-Travis, Annette; Rich, Gillian T.

doi:10.1046/j.1365-2346.1998.00309.x

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…No complications including pulmonary embolism after IV administrations of a propofol–lidocaine mixture have been reported, though there is a theoretical risk of precipitation and subsequent pulmonary embolism if not used shortly after preparation (12,13). This instability, however, does not occur when mixing thiopental with propofol, making the combination potentially more desirable (14,17,18). Thiopental is formulated as a base (pH 10.5) and does not acidify propofol emulsions when mixed (4).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is no evidence in the literature indicating that a propofol–thiopental mixture results in precipitation. The mixture is chemically stable for at least 8 h with no loss of the drugs effect (14). Both combinations of drugs used in this study were considered to be safe and free of precipitation especially because they were used shortly after preparation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All study medications were at room temperature at the time of administration. All mixtures were used shortly after strict sterile preparation by a pharmacist under a laminar flow hood, usually within 15 min, but not more than 4 h, so as to minimize the risk of bacterial growth and to optimize the pH and stability of the solution (12–14).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effect of a 3 : 1 volume mixture of propofol 1% and thiopental 2.5% in reducing the pain on injection of propofol in children1

Fahringer¹,

Goodwin²,

Warde³

et al. 2010

Pediatric Anesthesia

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effect of a 3 : 1 volume mixture of propofol 1% and thiopental 2.5% in reducing the pain on injection of propofol in children1

Fahringer¹,

Goodwin²,

Warde³

et al. 2010

Pediatric Anesthesia

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“…There was no evidence of instability in the mixtures. 31 Admixture of thiopentone and propofol is compatible and stable due to its bactericidal properties, as it does not support the growth of microorganisms despite the presence of nutrients in the admixture. There are presumed to be many advantages of using such an admixture or sequential or simultaneous co-induction with thiopentone and propofol.…”

Section: Section: Anaesthesiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The advantages of using co-induction by combination regimens of induction agents would be in context of both hypnotic and non hypnotic effects. This would mean additive/synergistic hypnotic effect [16][17][18]26,29 , earlier loss of consciousness 17,21 , non sedative effect on brain such as greater amnesic effects 34 , lesser haemodynamic perturbances (reduced hypotension at induction and lesser pressor response at laryngoscopy and intubation) [17][18][19] , lesser pain on injection 17,18,32 , better suppression of upper airway reflexes (suitable conditions for LMA placement) 20 , reduced incidence of convulsions 31 and better recovery characteristics in terms of rate and quality (earlier discharge and lesser vomiting in day care surgeries) 21 . These advantages might not be appreciated when using either of the induction agents alone.…”

Section: Section: Anaesthesiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Haemodynamic Effects of Thiopentone/Propofol and Combined use of Low Dose Thiopentone and Propofol on Induction and Intubation - A Three Modality Comparative Study

Kumar¹,

Rao²,

Rajasekhar³

et al. 2018

IJCMR

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Introduction: Induction, Laryngoscopy and Intubation are the points at which haemodynamic changes occur during conduct of anaesthesia, with such changes leading to deleterious systemic effects in vulnerable patients. This study was conducted to compare the haemodynamic effects on induction, and intubation with endotracheal tube with conventional doses of thiopentone and propofol separately and with combined use of low dose of thiopentone and propofol. Material and methods: The study was conducted on 90 patients of ASA Grade-I and II, and of Age between 20-50 years posted for Elective Surgery. The 90 patients were randomly assigned to three groups of 30 each. Thiopentone (5mg/kg), Propofol (2.5mg/kg) or A combination of low dose of both Thiopentone (2.5mg/kg) and Propofol (1.5mg/kg) was used as induction agent in Groups-I, II and III respectively. Heart Rate and Blood Pressure were measured non-invasively at various (Five) times-At Pre-induction, one minute after the last injection of induction drug i.e., before the performance of Laryngoscopy and Endotracheal tube placement, and at First, Third and Fifth minute of Endotracheal tube placement. Results: The adjusted mean values of Systolic blood pressure, Diastolic blood pressure and Heart rate were assessed by Paired comparisons, by considering the variable of time. All changes were significantly different between Groups I and II. Moreover, changes in systolic and diastolic blood pressures were significantly different between Groups I and III. They were not significant for Heart rate. No significant difference was noted between Groups II and III; showing that in these groups the haemodynamic changes were small during drug injection, Laryngoscopy and Intubation as well as until five minutes after Endotracheal placement. Conclusion: The Combined use of low dose of Thiopentone and Propofol (Group-III) for anaesthetic induction and Intubation caused less Haemodynamic changes than the higher individual dose of either alone.This modality of Anaesthesia induction may have clinical importance for the Elderly patients as well as those with Hypertension and Heart diseases and those belonging to ASA Grade-III and IV.

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Propofol

2005

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Propofol is a potent lipophilic anesthetic that was initially formulated in Cremophor El for human use. Because of the occurrence of Cremophor EL anaphylaxis and improvements in the quality of lipid emulsions, it was ultimately brought to market as 1% propofol formulated in 10% soybean oil emulsion. Emulsions represent complex formulation compositions whose suitability for intravenous administration is dependent on a number of factors. Despite the success of propofol emulsions, drawbacks to such formulations include inherent emulsion instability, injection pain, a need for antimicrobial agents to prevent sepsis, and a concern of hyperlipidemia-related side effects. Efforts to overcome such drawbacks have involved the development of propofol emulsions with altered propofol and lipid contents, the addition of different excipients to emulsions for antimicrobial activity, and study of nonemulsion formulations including propofol-cyclodextrin and propofol-polymeric micelle formulations. In addition, a number of propofol prodrugs have been made and evaluated.

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Thiopentone and propofol: a compatible mixture?

Cited by 3 publications

References 15 publications

The effect of a 3 : 1 volume mixture of propofol 1% and thiopental 2.5% in reducing the pain on injection of propofol in children1

The effect of a 3 : 1 volume mixture of propofol 1% and thiopental 2.5% in reducing the pain on injection of propofol in children1

The Haemodynamic Effects of Thiopentone/Propofol and Combined use of Low Dose Thiopentone and Propofol on Induction and Intubation - A Three Modality Comparative Study

Propofol

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