The
search for novel therapeutic strategies to treat
fungal diseases
is of special importance nowadays given the emerging threat of drug
resistance. Various particulate delivery systems are extensively being
developing to enhance bioavailability, site-specific penetration,
and therapeutic efficacy of antimycotics. Recently, we have designed
a novel topical formulation for griseofulvin (Gf) drug, which is currently
commercially available in oral dosage forms due to its limited skin
permeation. The proposed formulation is based on vaterite carriers
that enabled effective incorporation and ultrasonically assisted delivery
of Gf to hair follicles improving its dermal bioavailability. Here,
we evaluated the effect of ultrasound on the viability of murine fibroblasts
co-incubated with either Gf-loaded carriers or a free form of Gf and
investigated the influence of both forms on different subpopulations
of murine blood cells. The study revealed no sufficient cyto- and
hemotoxicity of the carriers, even at the highest investigated concentrations.
We also conducted a series of in vivo experiments to assess their
multi-dose dermal toxicity and antifungal efficiency. Visual and histological
examinations of the skin in healthy rabbits showed no obvious adverse
effects after US-assisted application of the Gf-loaded carriers. At
the same time, investigation of therapeutic efficiency for the designed
formulation in comparison with free Gf and isoconazole drugs in a
guinea pig model of trichophytosis revealed that the vaterite-based
form of Gf provided the most rapid and effective cure of infected
animals together with the reduction in therapeutic procedure number.
These findings pave the way to improving antifungal therapy of superficial
mycoses and justifying further preclinical studies.