Thiol–Yne Click Postsynthesis of a Sulfonate Group-Enriched Magnetic Microporous Organic Network for Efficient Extraction of Benzimidazole Fungicides

Abstract

The lack of functional groups or binding sites largely hindered the broad application of microporous organic networks (MONs). Herein, we report the fabrication of the sulfonate group-enriched magnetic MON composite (MMON-SO 3 H@SO 3 Na) via the combination of the sulfonic acid group containing the monomer and thiol−yne click postmodification for efficient magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE) of benzimidazole fungicides (BZDs) from complex sample matrices. The welldefined core−shell-structured MMON-SO 3 H@SO 3 Na was obtained and served as an advanced adsorbent for MSPE for concentrating and monitoring trace BZDs. The MMON-SO 3 H@ SO 3 Na with numerous sulfonate groups provides plenty of ion-exchange, hydrogen-bonding, and π−π sites, leading to the favorable affinity to BZDs via multiple interaction mechanisms. The MMON-SO 3 H@SO 3 Na-based MSPE−high-performance liquid chromatography method afforded a wide linear range, low limits of detection, large enrichment factors, good precisions, and reusability for BZDs. Trace BZDs in complex vegetables and fruit samples were successfully detected by the established method. The MMON-SO 3 H@SO 3 Na also exhibited good selectivity toward multiple types of polar contaminants containing hydrogen-bonding sites and aromatic structures. This work provided a new postsynthesis strategy for constructing novel and multifunctioned magnetic MONs for preconcentration of trace analytes in a complex matrix.

Nitrogen-rich based conjugated microporous polymers for highly efficient adsorption and removal of COVID-19 antiviral drug chloroquine phosphate from environmental waters

“…3 E and 7C). All these phenomena indicated the presence of both π–π interaction and hydrogen bonding during the adsorption process in a real experimental environment [52] , [53] .

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Buchwald–Hartwig coupled conjugated microporous polymer for efficient removal COVID-19 antiviral drug famciclovir from waters: Adsorption behavior and mechanism

“…The bond contents of C=C (284.5 eV) and C–N (285.5 eV) were significantly different in the C1s spectra of BPT-BZ-CMP after FCV adsorption ( Table S1 ). These phenomena indicated π–π interaction between the aromatic ring of FCV and the benzene ring of BPT-BZ-CMP [47] , [48] . The bond ratio of C–C=N after adsorption was significantly higher than that before adsorption, which explained the successful adsorption of FCV by BPT-BZ-CMP.…”

Construction of Stable Magnetic Vinylene-Linked Covalent Organic Frameworks for Efficient Extraction of Benzimidazole Fungicides

“…29,30 Because such fungicides hold systemic properties and chemical stability, the inappropriate and excessive use of BZDs can lead to their residues in the flesh of the product and their long-term existence in soil and water. 31 BZDs are reported to have teratogenicity, embryotoxicity and neurotoxicity, thus bringing about severe threats to both human health and environment. 32,33 Therefore, many countries and organizations have established standards for the maximum residue levels of BZDs in agricultural products.…”

“…Benzimidazole fungicides (BZDs), derived from benzimidazole rings with the fungicidal activity, are a group of broad-spectrum organic fungicides. On account of their high efficiency, rapid effects, and low side effects to plants, BZDs have been extensively utilized to protect crops during the growing season and furnish post-harvest products with quality storage conditions. , Because such fungicides hold systemic properties and chemical stability, the inappropriate and excessive use of BZDs can lead to their residues in the flesh of the product and their long-term existence in soil and water . BZDs are reported to have teratogenicity, embryotoxicity and neurotoxicity, thus bringing about severe threats to both human health and environment. , Therefore, many countries and organizations have established standards for the maximum residue levels of BZDs in agricultural products .…”