Thinned simulations of extremely energetic showers in dense media for radio applications

Álvarez-Muñiz, J.; James, C. W.; Protheroe, R. J.; Zas, E.

doi:10.1016/j.astropartphys.2009.06.005

Cited by 30 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…4 presents the expected distribution of vertex positions and incoming signal directions for high-energy neutrinos to illustrate the relevant parameter space. We obtained these distributions from NuRadioMC, employing a detailed calculation of the Askaryan signal using the Alvarez2009 model [23,24], signal propagation including ice attenuation effects, and a full detector simulation. (This simulation corresponds to Example 2 of Ref.…”

Section: Vertex Distance Resolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neutrino vertex reconstruction with in-ice radio detectors using surface reflections and implications for the neutrino energy resolution

Anker

Barwick

Bernhoff

et al. 2019

J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys.

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Ultra high energy neutrinos (E ν >10 16.5 eV) are efficiently measured via radio signals following a neutrino interaction in ice. An antenna placed O(15 m) below the ice surface will measure two signals for the vast majority of events (90% at E ν =10 18 eV): a direct pulse and a second delayed pulse from a reflection off the ice surface. This allows for a unique identification of neutrinos against backgrounds arriving from above. Furthermore, the time delay between the direct and reflected signal (D'n'R) correlates with the distance to the neutrino interaction vertex, a crucial quantity to determine the neutrino energy. In a simulation study, we derive the relation between time delay and distance and study the corresponding experimental uncertainties in estimating neutrino energies. We find that the resulting contribution to the energy resolution is well below the natural limit set by the unknown inelasticity in the initial neutrino interaction. We present an in-situ measurement that proves the experimental feasibility of this technique. Continuous monitoring of the local snow accumulation in the vicinity of the transmit and receive antennas using this technique provide a precision of O(1 mm) in surface elevation, which is much better than that needed to apply the D'n'R technique to neutrinos.

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Section: Vertex Distance Resolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neutrino vertex reconstruction with in-ice radio detectors using surface reflections and implications for the neutrino energy resolution

Anker

Barwick

Bernhoff

et al. 2019

J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys.

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“…For the emission in the UHF band, inclined showers are addressed in more detail for two reasons: as they have the shower maximum high up in the atmosphere, the observation distance is usually quite far away and the conditions for coherent emission from different stages of shower evolution are strengthened [34]. In addition it is inclined showers that have been observed in the GHz regime by ANITA.…”

Section: Characterization Of Radio Emission In the Uhf Bandmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, this is not the case in a real situation with the observer on the ground, since the shower as a whole is not observed in the far field. In fact, as we move along the shower axis the angle of the line of sight to the observation point changes introducing time delays which induce destructive interference between different stages in the longitudinal development of the shower [34]. As we move away from the shower axis, the distance to observation point changes and this induces further time shifts [34].…”

Section: Interpretation: Time Delaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In fact, as we move along the shower axis the angle of the line of sight to the observation point changes introducing time delays which induce destructive interference between different stages in the longitudinal development of the shower [34]. As we move away from the shower axis, the distance to observation point changes and this induces further time shifts [34]. All these shifts can be calculated analytically in terms of the relative position of the radiating charges and the observer.…”

Section: Interpretation: Time Delaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Coherent radiation from extensive air showers in the ultrahigh frequency band

et al. 2012

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Using detailed Monte Carlo simulations we have characterized the features of the radio emission of inclined air showers in the ultrahigh frequency band (300 MHz-3 GHz). The Fourier spectrum of the radiation is shown to have a sizable intensity well into the GHz frequency range. The emission is mainly due to transverse currents induced by the geomagnetic field and the excess charge produced by the Askaryan effect. At these frequencies only a significantly reduced volume of the shower around the axis contributes coherently to the signal observed on the ground. The size of the coherently emitting volume depends on frequency, shower geometry and observer position, and is interpreted in terms of the relative time delays at observation dominated by the curvature of the shower front. At ground level, the maximum emission at high frequencies is concentrated in an elliptical ringlike region around the intersection of a Cherenkov cone with its vertex at shower maximum and the ground. The frequency spectrum of inclined showers when observed at positions that view shower maximum in the Cherenkov direction, is shown to be in broad agreement with the pulses detected by the Antarctic Impulsive Transient Antenna experiment, making the interpretation that they are due to ultrahigh energy cosmic ray atmospheric showers consistent with our simulations. These results are also of great importance for experiments aiming to detect molecular bremsstrahlung radiation in the GHz range as they present an important background for its detection.

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“…The ZHS Monte Carlo Our calculation of radio emission from particle showers crossing the boundary between two media is based on the methods [23,26,27] implemented in the ZHS Monte Carlo, which simulates electromagnetic showers and their associated coherent radio emission up to EeV energies [28]. Originally developed for the Fraunhofer limit in homogeneous ice [29], it has been extended to other dielectric homogeneous media [28,30] and to reproduce near field effects by dividing the particle trajectories in sufficiently small sub-tracks [31]. To provide the reader with the necessary background, the methods currently implemented in the ZHS Monte Carlo are reviewed in the following.…”

Section: Transition Radiation From High-energy Showers: Calculationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transition radiation at radio frequencies from ultrahigh-energy neutrino-induced showers

et al. 2016

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Coherent radiation at radio frequencies from high-energy showers fully contained in a dense radiotransparent medium -like ice, salt, soil or regolith -has been extensively investigated as a promising technique to search for ultra-high energy (UHE) neutrinos. Additional emission in the form of transition radiation may occur when a neutrino-induced shower produced close to the Earth surface emerges from the ground into atmospheric air. We present the first detailed evaluation of transition radiation from high-energy showers crossing the boundary between two different media. We found that transition radiation is sizable over a wide solid angle and coherent up to ∼ 1 GHz. These properties encourage further work to evaluate the potential of a large-aperture UHE neutrino experiment based on detection of transition radiation.

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Thinned simulations of extremely energetic showers in dense media for radio applications

Cited by 30 publications

References 36 publications

Neutrino vertex reconstruction with in-ice radio detectors using surface reflections and implications for the neutrino energy resolution

Neutrino vertex reconstruction with in-ice radio detectors using surface reflections and implications for the neutrino energy resolution

Coherent radiation from extensive air showers in the ultrahigh frequency band

Transition radiation at radio frequencies from ultrahigh-energy neutrino-induced showers

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