Thinking style and psychosis proneness do not predict false insights

Grimmer, Hilary; Tangen, Jason M.; Laukkonen, Ruben; Hippel, Bill von; Freydenzon, Anna

doi:10.31234/osf.io/uctn2

Cited by 4 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…More broadly, all manner of intense insight experiences are possible in the course of altered states of consciousness, including those induced by meditation (Tulver et al, 2023). However, that does not make them necessarily true, or even adaptive, as recent research shows that false insight experiences can be induced in the lab (Grimmer et al, 2023;Grimmer, Laukkonen, Freydenzon, et al, 2022; and even misattributed to make false information feel true (Laukkonen et al, 2020(Laukkonen et al, , 2022Laukkonen, Webb, et al, 2023).…”

Section: Clarifying Misconceptions About No-thingness and Nothingnessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nothingness in Meditation: Making Sense of Emptiness and Cessation

Agrawal,

Laukkonen

2024

Preprint

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Contemplative practices have been shown to elicit a range of experiences and insights often referred to as "nothingness". However, these encounters are frequently conflated and remain undifferentiated. Here we address this ambiguity and provide a nuanced understanding of two such events: 1) emptiness (lack of inherent existence in experience, i.e., no-thingness) and 2) cessation (‘cut’ or absence in the stream of consciousness, i.e., nothingness). We synthesize insights from Buddhist literature and empirical research, investigating the relationship between these ‘nothingness’ phenomena, their transformative effects, and neural correlates. We also examine multiple pathways that may lead to cessation and consider potential cognitive models underlying these experiences using the active inference framework. Finally, we discuss the relationship between ‘nothingness’ events and cessation of suffering and enduring equanimity, setting the stage for further development in this field. Our unique contributions involve juxtaposing various experiences of “void, oneness, non-dual awareness, pure consciousness” with insights into “emptiness and cessation”, and analyzing their potential implications for alleviating suffering.

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Section: Clarifying Misconceptions About No-thingness and Nothingnessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nothingness in Meditation: Making Sense of Emptiness and Cessation

Agrawal,

Laukkonen

2024

Preprint

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“…The experimental materials were identical to those in Grimmer et al (2022b). Participants were presented with a list of ten semantically related words associated with a certain category (e.g.…”

Section: Design and Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Having established the utility of the FIAT for eliciting false insights, we tested whether a variety of individual differences might predict people's tendency to experience false insights (Grimmer et al, 2022b). 200 participants completed the FIAT along with several measures of psychosis proneness and thinking style, given that these measures have been shown to correlate with the DRM effect (Watson et al, 2005).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The illusion of insight: detailed warnings reduce but do not prevent false “Aha!” moments

Grimmer

Tangen

Freydenzon

et al. 2023

Cognition and Emotion

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False "Aha!" moments can be elicited experimentally using the False Insight Anagram Task (FIAT), which combines semantic priming and visual similarity manipulations to lead participants into having "Aha!" moments for incorrect anagram solutions. In a preregistered experiment (N = 255), we tested whether warning participants and explaining to them exactly how they were being deceived, would reduce their susceptibility to false insights. We found that simple warnings did not reduce the incidence of false insights. On the other hand, participants who were given a detailed explanation of the methods used to deceive them experienced a small reduction in false insights compared to participants given no warning at all. Our findings suggest that the FIAT elicits a robust false insight effect that is hard to overcome, demonstrating the persuasive nature of false insights when the conditions are ripe for them.

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“…Having established the utility of the FIAT for eliciting false insights, we assessed whether a variety of individual differences might predict people's tendency to experience false insights (Grimmer et al, 2022b). We tested 200 participants on the FIAT along with several measures of psychosis proneness and thinking style, given that these measures have been shown to correlate with the DRM effect (Corlett et al, 2009;Watson et al, 2005).…”

Section: The Illusion Of Insight: Detailed Warnings Reduce But Do Not...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The visual similarity manipulation, which does not appear in the false memory paradigms, might be more akin to a visual illusion than a purely cognitive one. This perceptual aspect of the FIAT could also explain why the FIAT does not correlate with thinking styles or psychosis proneness (Grimmer et al, 2022b).…”

Section: False Insights Versus False Memoriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The illusion of insight: Detailed warnings reduce but do not prevent false "Aha!" moments

Grimmer¹,

Tangen²,

Laukkonen³

et al. 2022

Preprint

Self Cite

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False “Aha!” moments can be elicited experimentally using the False Insight Anagram Task (FIAT), which combines semantic priming and visual similarity manipulations to lead participants into having “Aha!” moments for incorrect anagram solutions. In a preregistered experiment (N = 255), we tested whether warning participants and explaining to them exactly how they were being deceived, would reduce their susceptibility to false insights. We found that simple warnings did not reduce the incidence of false insights. On the other hand, participants who were given a detailed explanation of the methods used to deceive them experienced a small reduction in false insights compared to participants given no warning at all. Our findings suggest that the FIAT elicits a robust false insight effect that is hard to overcome, demonstrating the persuasive nature of false insights when the conditions are ripe for them. We discuss the implications of these findings in understanding the spread of propaganda, which may follow a similar logic; wherein flawed past information can bias the interpretation of ambiguous current events.

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Thinking style and psychosis proneness do not predict false insights

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Nothingness in Meditation: Making Sense of Emptiness and Cessation

Nothingness in Meditation: Making Sense of Emptiness and Cessation

The illusion of insight: detailed warnings reduce but do not prevent false “Aha!” moments

The illusion of insight: Detailed warnings reduce but do not prevent false "Aha!" moments

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