Hydrogen
produced from solar energy has the potential to replace
petroleum in the future. To this respect, there is a need in the abandoned
and efficient materials that can continuously split water molecules
using solar energy. In this report, an ammonium thiomolybdate (ATM:
(NH4)2Mo3S13) is evaluated
as a p-type semiconductor film photocathode for hydrogen evolution
reaction. The ATM thin films are prepared by spin-coating on fluorine-doped
tin oxide substrates, and their structural, morphological, optical,
photoelectrical, and photoelectrochemical (PEC) properties are studied.
Transient surface photovoltage (TSPV) spectroscopy and spectroscopic
ellipsometry indicate the band gap E
g =
1.9 eV for the ATM thin films. Furthermore, the photovoltage of the
ATM thin films measured by TSPV is correlated to the photocurrents
measured by the PEC characterization that can be used to evaluate
the material potential for hydrogen generation. The films exhibit
a low photocurrent density of 46 μA cm–2 at
0 VRHE. However, its combination with WSe2 thin-film
photocathodes results in a significant increase in photocurrent density
up to 4.6 mA cm–2 at 0 VRHE (100 times).
The reason for such a strong charge carrier transfer effect for ATM/WSe2 heterojunction photocathodes is studied by TSPV spectroscopy
that allows a comprehensive evaluation of potential photovoltaic materials
toward PEC hydrogen production. Furthermore, the photovoltage generated
by a WSe2 thin film is 30 times lower than that of its
single crystal, which indicates that the quality of WSe2 thin films should be improved for faster PEC hydrogen evolution.