“…The transition metal oxides generally are of great technical interest and highly important in commercial catalysts. In the case of molybdenum oxides, they have attracted considerable attention owing to its wide band gap nature and exhibit various promising applications, such as catalysis [26,27,28], Li-ion batteries [29,30,31,32,33], gas sensors [34,35,36,37,38,39], recording materials [40,41], solar cells [42,43,44]], photochromic and electrochromic devices [45,46,47]. Therefore, the understanding of the electronic and optical properties in molybdenum oxides are important for both fundamental studies and applications.…”