Thin-Film Glucose Biosensor Based on Plasma-Polymerized Film:  Simple Design for Mass Production

Abstract

We propose a simple thin-film glucose biosensor based on a plasma-polymerized film. The film is deposited directly onto the substrate under dry conditions. The resulting films are extreme thin, adhere well onto the substrate (electrode), and have a highly cross-linked network structure and functional groups, such as amino groups, which enable a large amount of enzyme to be immobilized. Since this design allows fabrication through a dry process, with the exception of the enzyme immobilization, which is the last stage of the process, the chip fabrication can be designed as a full-wafer process to achieve mass production compatibility. The resulting sensors produced using this film are more reproducible, exhibit lower noise, and reduce the effect of interference to a greater degree than sensors made using conventional immobilization methods, e.g., via 3-(aminopropyl)triethoxysilane. The obtained film is a good interfacial design between enzyme and electrode; enzyme two-dimensionally locates very close to the electrode in a manner that is quite reproducible. Therefore, a wide dynamic range (up to 60 mM) and rapid response time (11.5+/-0.8 s) were obtained. Because of its highly cross-linking network structure, the amperometric response due to interferences such as ascorbic acid and acetaminophen was reduced by size discrimination of plasma-polymerized films.

Electrochemical Behavior and Analytical Applications of Electronically Type-Sorted Carbon Nanotube Electrode

“…The PPFs synthesized from acetonitrile consisted of a nitrogen-rich surface containing primary and secondary amine groups. (20) Assuming that Q dl is zero, Γ 0 for the s-SWCNT layer was estimated to be 2.1 × 10 −10 mol cm −2 , which is similar to that for the unsorted SWCNT layer (2.3 × 10 −10 mol cm −2 ) and that reported for a quinone-functional electrode. (24,28) In contrast, Γ 0 for the m-SWCNT electrode was near zero, which suggests that C dl for the m-SWCNT electrode is smaller than those for the unsorted and s-SWCNT electrodes (see the ordinate in Fig.…”

“…Here, we adopt a simple layer-by-layer process based on a plasma-polymerized film (PPF). (19,20) The PPF and plasma modifications act as an inactive matrix to integrate the SWCNT electrode and provide a well-defined nanostructure and a versatile platform for catalytic and analytical applications.…”

Selective Detection of NADH with Neutral Red Functionalized Carbon Nanotube/Plasma-polymerized Film Composite Electrode

“…The PPFs synthesized from acetonitrile was made of highly branched and incompletely cross-linked aliphatic hydrocarbon backbone chains containing nitrogen atoms that form a primary amine group. 13 The under acetonitrile PPF layer on Au surface plays a role as the scaffold for CNT/NR formation. Upper PPF was also deposited by acetonitrile monomer.…”

“…1 Typical solution to overcome is the utilization of nanomaterial carbon nanotube (CNT), which is considered to be formed by the folding of graphene layers into carbon cylinders 2 because of theirs excellent electron transfer properties and catalytic activities. 3 13 The CNT's excellent catalytic activity lowers its oxidative potential (<0.6 V) to avoid fouling problems e.g. sensitive to the interferants such as ascorbic acid and uric acid.…”

Functionalised ZnO-nanorod-based selective electrochemical sensor for intracellular glucose

“…Various methods for immobilisation of glucose oxidase on different supporting materials have been proposed, including covalent binding (Piro et al, 2000), embedding methods (Cosnier et al, 1999), cross-linking methods (Muguruma et al, 2000;Yang et al, 1998;Wu et al, 2004) and physical adsorption (Sun et al, 2008;Topoglidis et al, 2001). In this study, electrostatic enzyme immobilisation has been used, drawing on the fact that there is a large difference in the isoelectric points of ZnO and glucose oxidase.…”