Thin‐film flow technology in controlling the organization of materials and their properties

Abstract

Centrifugal and shear forces are produced when solids or liquids rotate. Rotary systems and devices that use these forces, such as dynamic thin‐film flow technology, are evolving continuously, improve material structure‐property relationships at the nanoscale, representing a rapidly thriving and expanding field of research high with green chemistry metrics, consolidated at the inception of science. The vortex fluidic device (VFD) provides many advantages over conventional batch processing, with fluidic waves causing high shear and producing large surface areas for micro‐mixing as well as rapid mass and heat transfer, enabling reactions beyond diffusion control. Combining these abilities allows for a green and innovative approach to altering materials for various research and industry applications by controlling small‐scale flows and regulating molecular and macromolecular chemical reactivity, self‐organization phenomena, and the synthesis of novel materials. This review highlights the aptitude of the VFD as clean technology, with an increase in efficiency for a diversity of top‐down, bottom‐up, and novel material transformations which benefit from effective vortex‐based processing to control material structure‐property relationships.

Stability and Cleansing Function Enhancement of Organic Shampoo by a Vortex Fluidic Device

“…The VFD utilized a rotating tube to impart mechanically induced shear stress in the shampoo . Thus, the shampoo processed by the rapidly rotating tube of VFD at 4500 rpm improved its properties overall, noting that the VFD is effective in disassembling self-organized systems, and indeed exfoliating 2D material . The surfactant and oil in the liquid phase are mixed more uniformly, thereby enhancing the cleaning efficiency of the shampoo.…”

“…The collected sample was stored in a desiccator at 25 °C for different tests. The tilt angle of 45° is optimal for processing in general in the VFD, and the two rotational speeds are representative of speeds where spinning top and double helical flow, respectively, dominate the shear forces …”

“…50 Thus, the shampoo processed by the rapidly rotating tube of VFD at 4500 rpm improved its properties overall, noting that the VFD is effective in disassembling self-organized systems, and indeed exfoliating 2D material. 21 The surfactant and oil in the liquid phase are mixed more uniformly, thereby enhancing the cleaning efficiency of the shampoo. The solid glass spheres are also to be more likely uniformly coated with a contact coating layer in the shampoo, which also prevents the solid glass spheres from aggregating, 51,52 and indeed any phase separation.…”

“…The tilt angle of 45°is optimal for processing in general in the VFD, and the two rotational speeds are representative of speeds where spinning top and double helical flow, respectively, dominate the shear forces. 21 Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS). At ambient temperature, DLS (Nano ZS90, Malvern Instruments, Worcester, UK) was utilized to immediately determine the particle size distribution of organic shampoo after different treatments, equipped with a He−Ne 633 nm wavelength laser and a 173°detector angle.…”

“…The fluid flow within the VFD depends on high mass transfer, leading to topological fluid flows down to submicron dimensions, which has been developed in the VFD using a 20 mm O.D. tube. , Within the VFD, there are two distinct topological flows: a spinning top or typhoon-like flow generated from the hemispherical base of the tube by the associated Coriolis force; a double helical flow resulting from Faraday wave eddies affected by the Coriolis force acting on the curved surface along the tube . The use of the VFD can enhance chemical reaction rates and product selectivity, and significant acceleration of enzymatic processes has been reported, with an average 7-fold increase in the rate of various reactions. , This phenomenon is thought to have resulted from a convergence of factors, including the presence of Faraday pressure waves inside the thin film, an increase in the rate of mass transport, and a collapse of the reaction transition state.…”