Thin coatings for fire protection: An overview of the existing strategies, with an emphasis on layer-by-layer surface treatments and promising new solutions

Davesne, Anne-Lise; Jimenez, Maude; Samyn, Fabienne; Bourbigot, Serge

doi:10.1016/j.porgcoat.2021.106217

Cited by 38 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 371 publications

(385 reference statements)

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“…Basically, boric acid, also known as borate, acts as a flame retardant in a variety of ways, including preventing flame combustion, promoting char formation, and suppressing smoldering, glowing, and smoke [ 43 , 175 ]. In addition, boric acid releases water to help extinguish the flame; other than that, it has a char-forming value on the surface of the cellulose due to the presence of boron [ 176 ].…”

Section: Flame Retardant Coating Formulations and Designs: The Implem...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Flame Retardant Coatings: Additives, Binders, and Fillers

et al. 2022

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This review provides an intensive overview of flame retardant coating systems. The occurrence of flame due to thermal degradation of the polymer substrate as a result of overheating is one of the major concerns. Hence, coating is the best solution to this problem as it prevents the substrate from igniting the flame. In this review, the descriptions of several classifications of coating and their relation to thermal degradation and flammability were discussed. The details of flame retardants and flame retardant coatings in terms of principles, types, mechanisms, and properties were explained as well. This overview imparted the importance of intumescent flame retardant coatings in preventing the spread of flame via the formation of a multicellular charred layer. Thus, the intended intumescence can reduce the risk of flame from inherently flammable materials used to maintain a high standard of living.

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Section: Flame Retardant Coating Formulations and Designs: The Implem...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Flame Retardant Coatings: Additives, Binders, and Fillers

et al. 2022

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“…Since the early 1930s, halogenated flame retardants [4][5][6] have been industrially recognised and commonly used due to its low cost, ease of processability, and with little or no reduction in the intrinsic physical/mechanical properties of the RPUF [1]. However, due to serious concerns about their toxicological and environmental impact, usage of halogenated flame retardants has been restricted in many countries, such as the EU and US [7].…”

Section: Types Of Flame Retardantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Untitled

2022

J Nanotechnol Nanomaterials

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Although rigid polyurethane foams (RPUFs) have great thermal insulating properties, they have limited usage because pristine PU foams are highly flammable. Therefore, in order to have widespread applications, much attention has been invested in the discovery and study of a vast number of flame retardants. Though there have been countless reports of novel flame retardants, it has been a challenge to select the most appropriate flame retardant for the RPUF of interest. While several comparison studies have been documented in the literature, the focus is on the microstructure, mechanical, and thermal properties. Herein, a relatively comprehensive flame retardant selection process is introduced, which includes more physical and chemical properties characterisations, enabling one to make informed decisions when selecting flame retardants.

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“…Meanwhile, the E α of 320 ~140 C ascribed to the melt and transition of APP also declines with the prolonged exposure duration, which drops from 100.2 to 86.2 kJÁmol À1 . 2 Pickett et al 25 suggest the E α for gloss loss of aromatic engineering thermoplastics is estimated to be 9 ~16 kJÁmol À1 , while that of color shift is 16 ~21 kJÁmol À1 . Because the discoloration consumes external energy for bond cleavage and structural degradations, leading to the reduced E α for the as-formed yellowing IFRC, corresponding to diminished thermal stability.…”

Section: Pyrolysis Kineticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Apart from its ecological features, simple process, and cost-effective of IFRCs intrigue the increasing attention, because the inorganic compounds contribute to their outstanding high thermal stability and remarkable chemical stability, which support the applications under various operating conditions, whereas the organic compounds give structural flexibility, cohesion, film-formation, and low density. 1,2 Particularly, the P-and P/N-containing organics are triggering cutting-edge applications, which are modified by transition metal phosphates. 3 Meanwhile, the silicon aerogel and β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) have become the hotspots in benign designing of flame retardants, the former holds extraordinary properties such as ultralight, ultralow thermal conductivity, and strong designability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photo‐aging deterioration of hybrid intumescent flame retarding coatings simultaneously modified by silicon aerogel, β‐cyclodextrin, and nano‐ZnO

Wang

Kou

Deng

et al. 2021

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Photo-aging has been manifested as the main threat to the service performance of organic coatings, but the deterioration of intumescent flame retarding coatings (IFRC) is scarcely reported. Therefore, the finish IFRC is benignly designed by simultaneously incorporating silicon aerogel, β-cyclodextrin, and nano-ZnO, its deterioration mechanism under photo-aging (composed of xenon lamp radiation and water spraying) is quantitatively investigated. The results show that the photo-aging facilitates the declined flame retardancy, as measured by the rising fire growth index from 1.07 to 2.43 kW m À2 Ás À1 and the reduced fire performance index from 0.493 to 0.196 sÁm 2 ÁkW À1 with the flame retardancy index of 0.18 for S 30d , as well as the diminished smoke suppression. Because the cleavage of C═N bonding occurs for the IFRC subjected to photo-aging, presenting the serious yellowing of the IFRC surface with enhanced hydrophilicity. Meanwhile, the light-humidity cycles of photoaging lead to the transformation from glassy residue to crystalline SiP 2 O 7 during firing, presenting the disorder and fluffy char for S 30d . Thirdly, the photo-aging makes the pyrolysis E α of 370 ~320 C drop from 177.9 to 120.2 kJÁmol À1 by the modified Coats-Redfern integral method. It probes the photo-aging deterioration mechanism of organic-inorganic hybrid IFRCs.

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Thin coatings for fire protection: An overview of the existing strategies, with an emphasis on layer-by-layer surface treatments and promising new solutions

Cited by 38 publications

References 371 publications

Flame Retardant Coatings: Additives, Binders, and Fillers

Flame Retardant Coatings: Additives, Binders, and Fillers

Untitled

Photo‐aging deterioration of hybrid intumescent flame retarding coatings simultaneously modified by silicon aerogel, β‐cyclodextrin, and nano‐ZnO

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