Thidiazuron-induced highly morphogenic callus and high frequency regeneration of fertile peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) plants

Abstract

An efficient regeneration system was developed by culturing immature cotyledons and embryo axes ofArachis hypogaea L. cv. Georgia Green on Murashige and Skoog basal medium (MS) supplemented with various concentrations of thidiazuron (TDZ: 1, 5, 10, and 15 ~M). Highly morphogenic callus was produced from 100% of the explants comprising the cotyledon with attached embryo axis when cultured in the dark on 10 I, tM TDZ. Upon excision and continued culture in the dark on 10 I.tM TDZ, morphogenic callus grew repetitively during monthly subcultures and retained its regeneration potential. For organogenesis, a gradual reduction in TDZ concentration and exposure to light were necessary before transfer to MS basal medium. Inclusion of indole-3-butyric acid in liquid MS medium favored rooting of recovered shoots. A distinct feature of this investigation is the induction of highly morphogenic callus by TDZ and regeneration of morphologically normal, fertile peanut plants after 8 months of callus subculture.

High-frequency embryogenesis and regeneration of plants with high content of gentiopicroside from the Chinese medicinal plant Gentiana straminea Maxim.

“…However, high concentrations of auxin restrain their further development (Ammirato 1983;Sunandakumari et al 2005). Cytokinins, especially thidiazuron, could also induce somatic embryogenesis and multiple shoots (Gill and Ozias-Akins 1999;Mithila et al 2003;Su et al 2005). However, sometimes they were not effective in embryogenesis inductions (Sharma et al 2005).…”

TDZ pulsing evaluation on the in vitro morphogenesis of peach palm

“…It enhances in vitro vegetative propagation in several species, both by the development of adventitious buds (Wilhelm 1999;Almeida et al 2012) and by the induction of somatic embryos (Hutchinson et al 1996;Zhang et al 2001;Almeida et al 2012). Nevertheless, in vitro usage of this cytokinin is unfavorable to shoot elongation (Gill and Ozias-Atkins 1999;Ahmad et al 2006), normal development of leaves (Nieuwkerk and Zimmerman 1986) and rooting (Hutchinson et al 1996;Jaiswal and Sahwney 2006).…”

Comparison of the morphogenic potential of five Gentiana species in leaf mesophyll protoplast culture and ploidy stability of regenerated calli and plants

“…Induction of highly morphogenic callus followed by regeneration of shoots and Fig. 5 Leaf morphology of G. kurroo and G. tibetica plants: a seed-derived parent plant of G. kurroo, b protoplast-derived regenerant of G. kurroo with doubled DNA content and chromosome number, c aneuploid protoplast-derived regenerant of G. kurroo, d seedderived parent plant of G. tibetica, e protoplast-derived regenerant of G. tibetica with doubled DNA content and chromosome number somatic embryos has been documented for a wide variety of plant species and for different explant types (Tegeder et al 1995;Gill and Ozias-Akins 1999;Zhang et al 2001;Mithila et al 2003;Jones et al 2007;Thomas 2007).…”