Thickness of the Atmospheric Boundary Layer Above Dome A, Antarctica, during 2009

Bonner, C. S.; Ashley, M. C. B.; Cui, Xiangqun; Li, Feng; Gong, Xuefei; Lawrence, Jon; Luong-Van, D.; Shang, Zhaohui; Storey, J. W. V.; Wang, L.; Yang, Huigen; Yang, Ji; Zhou, Xu; Zhu, Zhenxi

doi:10.1086/656250

Cited by 68 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…This effect is in contrast with summer observations at Concordia Station (~75 o S, 3233 m ASL) and Dome Argus (~80 o S, 4093 m ASL) that show a diurnal cycle of thermal convection followed by the formation of a 75 stable boundary layer during the "evening (low sun elevation)" period (Frey et al 2015) (Bonner 2015;Bonner et al 2010). …”

contrasting

confidence: 63%

The Meteorology and Chemistry of High Nitrogen Oxide Concentrations in the Stable Boundary Layer at the South Pole

Neff¹,

Buhr²,

Nicovich³

et al. 2017

Preprint

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Abstract. Four summer seasons of nitrogen oxide (NO) concentrations were obtained at the South Pole during the Sulfur Chemistry in the Antarctic Troposphere (ISCAT) program (1998 and 2000) and the Antarctic Tropospheric Chemistry Investigation (ANTCI) in (2003,. Together, analyses of their data here provide insight into the large-to-small scale meteorology that sets the stage for high NO and the significant variability that occurs day-to-day, within seasons and year-toyear. In addition, these observations reveal the interplay between physical and chemical processes at work in the stable 15 boundary layer of the high Antarctic plateau. We found a systematic evolution of the large-scale wind system over the ice sheet from winter to summer that controls the surface boundary layer and its effect on NO: Initially in early spring (Days 280-310) the transport of warm air and clouds over West Antarctica dominates the environment over the South Pole; In late spring (Days 310-340), of significance to NO, the winds at 300-hPa exhibit a bimodal behavior alternating between NW and SE; In early summer (Days 340-375), the flow aloft is dominated by winds from the Weddell Sea. During late spring, winds 20 aloft from the SE are strongly associated with clear skies, shallow stable boundary layers, and light surface winds from the east: it is under these conditions that the highest NO occurs. Examination of the winds at 300 hPa from 1961 to 2013 shows that this seasonal pattern has not changed significantly although the last twenty years have seen an increasing trend in easterly surface winds at the South Pole. What has also changed is the persistence of the ozone hole, often into early summer. With lower total ozone column density and higher sun elevation, the highest actinic flux responsible for the 25 photolysis of snow nitrate now occurs in late spring under the shallow boundary layer conditions optimum for high accumulation of NO. This may occur via the non-linear HO X -NO X chemistry proposed after the first ISCAT field programs and NO X recycling to the surface where quantum yields may be large under the low-snow-accumulation regime of the Antarctic plateau. During the 2003 field program a sodar made direct measurements of the stable boundary layer depth (BLD), a key factor in explaining the chemistry of the high NO concentrations. Because direct measurements were not 30 available in the other years, we developed an estimator for BLD using direct observations obtained in 2003 and step-wise linear regression with meteorological data from a 22-m tower (that was tested against independent data obtained in 1993). These data were then used with assumptions about the column abundance of NO to estimate surface fluxes of NO X . These results agreed in magnitude with results at Concordia Station and confirmed significant daily, intraseasonal and interannual variability in NO and its flux from the snow surface. Finally, we found that synoptic to mesoscale eddies governed the 35 boundary layer circulation and accumulation pathways fo...

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contrasting

confidence: 63%

The Meteorology and Chemistry of High Nitrogen Oxide Concentrations in the Stable Boundary Layer at the South Pole

Neff¹,

Buhr²,

Nicovich³

et al. 2017

Preprint

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“…Site testing work since 2008 has confirmed Dome A to be an excellent astronomical site. The extremely thin turbulent boundary layer measured to be 13.9 m near the ground at Dome A enables a free-of-atmosphere observing condition for a telescope on a small tower (Bonner et al 2010). Some other advantages include the low sky brightness measured in the SDSS i-band (Zou et al 2010), the outstanding low cloud coverage compared to other astronomical sites (Zou et al 2010), and the extremely low atmospheric water vapor content (Sims et al 2012b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical Sky Brightness and Transparency during the Winter Season at Dome A Antarctica from the Gattini-All-Sky Camera

Yang

Moore

Krisciunas

et al. 2017

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The summit of the Antarctic plateau, Dome A, is proving to be an excellent site for optical, near-infrared, and terahertz astronomical observations. Gattini is a wide-field camera installed on the PLATO instrument module as part of the Chinese-led traverse to Dome A in 2009 January. We present here the measurements of sky brightness with the Gattini ultra-large field of view ( ´ 90 90 ) in the photometric B-, V-, and R-bands; cloud cover statistics measured during the 2009 winter season; and an estimate of the sky transparency. A cumulative probability distribution indicates that the darkest 10% of the nights at Dome A have sky brightness of S B =22.98, S V =21.86, and S R =21.68 mag arcsec −2 . These values were obtained during the year 2009 with minimum aurora, and they are comparable to the faintest sky brightness at Maunakea and the best sites of northern Chile. Since every filter includes strong auroral lines that effectively contaminate the sky brightness measurements, for instruments working around the auroral lines, either with custom filters or with high spectral resolution instruments, these values could be easily obtained on a more routine basis. In addition, we present example light curves for bright targets to emphasize the unprecedented observational window function available from this ground-based site. These light curves will be published in a future paper.

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“…The atmospheric boundary layer is defined as the lowest region of the atmosphere directly influenced by the proximity of the earth's surface (Bonner et al, 2010) where physical quantities such as flow velocity, temperature, moisture, etc. display rapid fluctuations and the vertical mixing is strong (Georgoulias and Papanastasiou, 2009).…”

Section: Atmospheric Boundary Layer (Abl)mentioning

confidence: 99%

On the use of numerical modelling for near-field pollutant dispersion in urban environments − A review

Lateb

Meroney

Yataghene

et al. 2016

Environmental Pollution

236

111

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This article deals with the state-of-the-art of experimental and numerical studies carried out regarding air pollutant dispersion in urban environments. Since the simulation of the dispersion field around buildings depends strongly on the correct simulation of the wind-flow structure, the studies performed during the past years on the wind-flow field around buildings are reviewed. This work also identifies errors that can produce poor results when numerically modelling wind flow and dispersion fields around buildings in urban environments. Finally, particular attention is paid to the practical guidelines developed by researchers to establish a common methodology for verification and validation of numerical simulations and/or to assist and support the users for a better implementation of the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) approach.

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Thickness of the Atmospheric Boundary Layer Above Dome A, Antarctica, during 2009

Cited by 68 publications

References 23 publications

The Meteorology and Chemistry of High Nitrogen Oxide Concentrations in the Stable Boundary Layer at the South Pole

The Meteorology and Chemistry of High Nitrogen Oxide Concentrations in the Stable Boundary Layer at the South Pole

Optical Sky Brightness and Transparency during the Winter Season at Dome A Antarctica from the Gattini-All-Sky Camera

On the use of numerical modelling for near-field pollutant dispersion in urban environments − A review

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