Thickness-Dependent Properties of Undoped and Mn-doped (001) PMN-29PT [Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-29PbTiO3] Single Crystals

Abstract

In order to investigate the effect of thickness on the dielectric and piezoelectric properties of (001) PMN-29PT single crystals, three different types of PMN-29PT samples were prepared using the solid-state single crystal growth (SSCG) method: high density crystal [99%], low density crystal [95%], and high density crystal doped with Mn [98.5%]. When their thickness decreased from 0.5 mm to 0.05 mm, their dielectric constant (K 3 T), piezoelectric constants (d 3 3 and g 3 3), and electromechanical coupling factor (k t) decreased continuously. However, their dielectric loss (tan δ) increased. The addition of Mn to PMN-PT induced an internal bias electric field (E I), increased the coercive electric field (E C), and prevented local depoling. Therefore, Mn-doped PMN-PT crystals show high stability as well as high performance, even in the form of very thin plates (< 0.2 mm), and thus are suitable for application to high frequency composites, medical ultrasound probes, non-destructive testing devices (NDT), and flexible devices.

Dielectric Relaxor and Conductivity Mechanism in Fe-Substituted PMN-32PT Ferroelectric Crystal

“…Figure 2 shows the hysteresis loop of Fe-substituted PMN-32PT crystal at room temperature. It can be seen that the coercive field E c is 765 V/mm, which is almost three times larger than that of the pure PMN-PT crystal [8][9][10]. This result indicates that Fe ions effectively make PMN-xPT crystal "harden".…”

“…The defect dipoles such as 2Fe Ti − V •• O may be formed, which result in an internal bias to inhibit the movement of the domain wall, accompanied by the increase of coercive field and decrease of piezoelectric coefficient [9][10][11][12], as shown in Figure 2. Figure 3 describes the temperature dependence of DC conductivity for Fe-substituted PMN-32PT crystals.…”

Current status of solid-state single crystal growth

“…On the other hand, YAG single crystals, and especially Nd 3+ -doped YAG, are known for their important application in solidstate laser devices, such as waveguide lasers [6] and single crystal fibers for high-power lasers [7], as well as scintillation crystals, and others. Piezoelectric single crystal materials, which were initially developed and utilized as transducers for sonar devices and medical ultrasonic diagnostic devices, have also been applied in sensors, actuators, medical transducers, energy harvesters, and more [8,9]. As it can be seen, single crystal materials are capable of covering a wide variety of applications, which range from scientific-and research-related to daily life.…”

“…4), which has become well-known for their production of high-quality piezoelectric single crystals via the SSCG method. In another study, Mn-PMN-PT single crystals were grown into very thin plates (< 0.2 mm) which enabled them to show high stability and piezoelectric performance which is suitable for high frequency composites, medical ultrasound probes, non-destructive testing devices, and flexible devices applications [9].…”

Dielectric, Ferroelectric, Energy Storage, and Pyroelectric Properties of Mn-Doped (Pb0.93La0.07)(Zr0.82Ti0.18)O3 Anti-Ferroelectric Ceramics

“…Mn-doping has been used not only for modulation of the dielectric, ferroelectric, and piezoelectric 15,[18][19][20][21][22] energy storage properties 23) but also for improving the pyroelectric 24) and multicaloric effects. 25,26) Moreover, the effects of MnO 2 content on the permeability and electrical resistance of porous alumina-based ceramics have also been reported.…”