Thiazolidinedione Use, Fluid Retention, and Congestive Heart Failure

Coronary Artery Disease and Diabetes Mellitus

“…2011;123:1492-1500; with permission. Aronson 20,112 Reduced restenosis after coronary stenting 113,114 Heart failure 115,116 Excess ischemic cardiovascular risk with rosiglitazone (?) 23,24 Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors Reduced inflammatory markers 112 Possible …”

Chances and risks of SGLT2 inhibitors

“…Based on these pathophysiological considerations, correcting the insulin resistance and substituting insulin is the current mainstay of diabetes therapy. To achieve the former goal, metformin (Bailey and Turner 1996) and pioglitazone (Nesto et al 2003;Yki-Jarvinen 2004) are available. Insulin can be substituted either directly by (in most cases SC) injection or by indirect means to elicit liberation from stores in the pancreas.…”

“…There are already substance classes available with this property (e.g. biguanides and thiazolidinediones; for review of their desired and undesired effects, see for example Bailey and Turner 1996;Nesto et al 2003;Yki-Jarvinen 2004). But the glucose-lowering effect of each individual compound is usually rather small so that antidiabetics of different classes are often combined.…”

Rosiglitazone-associated pseudotumour cerebri

“…By the tenth week, a follow-up examination revealed that the papilloedema had disappeared; and repeated lumbar puncture revealed completely normal cytological and biochemical findings, including normalised opening pressure of 16 cm H 2 O. The patient has remained well, and has not developed any new neurological sign or symptom in the following 18 months while on metformin, salicylate, quinaprile and simvastatin therapies.Glitazones have long been known to cause oedema, but isolated compartmental fluid retention as in pseudotumour cerebri is not one of the known complications of these agents [2]. Interestingly, Edwin Hurlbut Ryan reported in 2003, at the annual meeting of the American Academy of Ophthalmology, that glitazones could be linked to macular oedema in patients with diabetes [3].…”

“…Glitazones have long been known to cause oedema, but isolated compartmental fluid retention as in pseudotumour cerebri is not one of the known complications of these agents [2]. Interestingly, Edwin Hurlbut Ryan reported in 2003, at the annual meeting of the American Academy of Ophthalmology, that glitazones could be linked to macular oedema in patients with diabetes [3].…”