Thiamine leads to oxidative stress resistance via regulation of the glucose metabolism

Abstract

Thiamine diphosphate (ThDP) is an essential cofactor for important enzymes in carbohydrate, amino acid and lipid metabolisms. It is also known that thiamine plays an important role in stress response of some organisms. In this study, we focused on the effect of thiamine on stress responses triggered by various stress agents. For this purpose, firstly, viability of Schizosaccharomyces pombe cell cultures was examined under oxidative, osmotic and heat stresses. The highest tolerance observed in cell viability due to the presence of extracellular thiamine (1.5 µM) was found only against oxidative stress. Then, enzyme activity of catalase and superoxide dismutase (SOD) involved in antioxidant defense mechanism and the expression analysis of genes encoding enzymes related to glucose metabolism and stress response pathways were investigated under oxidative stress. In this condition, it was not observed any difference in SOD and catalase activities, and their gene expressions due to the presence of thiamine, whereas the upregulation of pyruvate dehydrogenase (pdb1), transketolase (SPBC2G5.05), fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase (fbp1) and the downregulation of pyruvate decarboxylase (pdc201) were observed. In conclusion, these findings suggest that extracellular thiamine leading to oxidative stress resistance have an impact on the regulation of glucose metabolism by shifting the energy generation from fermentation to respiration.

The effects of thiamine pyrophosphate on propofol-induced oxidative liver injury and effect on dysfunction

“…Through the pentose phosphate pathway, it raises the antioxidant and NADPH levels (Turan et al 2013). Thiamine, a nutrient that induces oxidative stress resistance, affects glucose metabolic control by shifting energy generation from fermentation to respiration (Kartal and Palabiyik 2019). Turan et al (2014) utilized thiamine to reduce neurotoxicity caused by oxidative stress in the brain when combined with cisplatin.…”

Proteome-Wide Analysis of Heat-Stress in Pinus radiata Somatic Embryos Reveals a Combined Response of Sugar Metabolism and Translational Regulation Mechanisms

“…All of them showed a decreasing tendency in Se’s originating from high temperature conditions, probably conditioned by the decreased in central metabolism activity, the reduced availability of carbon skeletons and a simultaneous reduction of nitrogen assimilation (lower levels of ferredoxin–nitrite reductase). These proteins included an enzyme responsible of the synthesis of thiamine (thiamine biosynthetic bifunctional enzyme BTH1), which provides oxidative stress resistance via regulation of glucose metabolism ( Kartal and Palabiyik, 2019 ), and 4-coumarate–CoA ligase-like 5, involved in the flavonoid and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway, whose accumulation is essential for the prevention of oxidative damage ( Eliášová et al, 2017 ). Phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase, which protects cells and enzymes from oxidative damage ( Yant et al, 2003 ) was also included in this group.…”

The coenzyme thiamine diphosphate displays a daily rhythm in the Arabidopsis nucleus

“…Limitation of TDP in the mitochondria would influence respiration. Indeed it has very recently been established in yeast that thiamine supplementation shifts metabolism to respiration rather than fermentation 43 . The purpose of circadian control of biosynthesis and transport may be intertwined in the different metabolic flux requirements during the light and dark.…”