Thia fatty acids, metabolism and metabolic effects

Skrede, Steinar; Sørensen, Hilde Nebb; Larsen, Laila N.; Steineger, Hilde Hermansen; Høvik, Kjerstin E; Spydevold, Øystein; Horn, Richard; Bremer, Jon

doi:10.1016/s0005-2760(96)00138-5

Cited by 77 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 93 publications

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“…A PPAR-alpha targeted promoter has been discovered 5′upstream to the PANK1 gene [81]. PPAR-alpha receptors are transcription factors that are stimulated by increased (among other things) intracellular lipids/fatty acids; the function of PPAR-alpha is thought to involve decreasing intracellular FA stores (FAs) [82][83][84][85][86]. These results suggest that miR-103/7 acts symbiotically with the PANK proteins and the PPAR-alpha pathway, by decreasing FA syntheses and uptake (by inhibiting FASN, ACOX1, and others), and increasing the activity of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (by inhibiting PDK4, PISD, and PDPR).…”

Section: Bioinformatics Predict a Role For Mir-103/mir-107 Paralogs Imentioning

confidence: 99%

Energizing miRNA research: A review of the role of miRNAs in lipid metabolism, with a prediction that miR-103/107 regulates human metabolic pathways

Wilfred

Wang

Nelson

2007

Molecular Genetics and Metabolism

300

239

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MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are powerful regulators of gene expression. Although first discovered in worm larvae, miRNAs play fundamental biological roles-including in humans-well beyond development. MiRNAs participate in the regulation of metabolism (including lipid metabolism) for all animal species studied. A review of the fascinating and fast-growing literature on miRNA regulation of metabolism can be parsed into three main categories: 1. Adipocyte biochemistry and cell fate determination; 2. Regulation of metabolic biochemistry in invertebrates; and 3. Regulation of metabolic biochemistry in mammals. Most research into the 'function' of a given miRNA in metabolic pathways has concentrated on a given miRNA acting upon a particular 'target' mRNA. Whereas in some biological contexts the effects of a given miRNA:mRNA pair may predominate, this might not be the case generally. In order to provide an example of how a single miRNA could regulate multiple 'target' mRNAs or even entire human metabolic pathways, we include a discussion of metabolic pathways that are predicted to be regulated by the miRNA paralogs, miR-103 and miR-107. These miRNAs, which exist in vertebrate genomes within introns of the pantothenate kinase (PANK) genes, are predicted by bioinformatics to affect multiple mRNA targets in pathways that involve cellular Acetyl-CoA and lipid levels. Significantly, PANK enzymes also affect these pathways, so the miRNA and 'host' gene may act synergistically. These predictions require experimental verification. In conclusion, a review of the literature on miRNA regulation of metabolism leads us believe that the future will provide researchers with many additional energizing revelations.

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Section: Bioinformatics Predict a Role For Mir-103/mir-107 Paralogs Imentioning

confidence: 99%

Energizing miRNA research: A review of the role of miRNAs in lipid metabolism, with a prediction that miR-103/107 regulates human metabolic pathways

Wilfred

Wang

Nelson

2007

Molecular Genetics and Metabolism

300

239

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“…TTA cannot be β-oxidized due to the position of the sulfur in the carbon chain and thus it is metabolized in mammals via ω-hydroxylation in the endoplasmic reticulum followed by peroxisomal oxidation from the ω-end producing short chain sulfoxy dicarboxylic acids (Skrede et al, 1997). In mammals, TTA increases both liver and muscle mitochondrial and peroxisomal fatty acid oxidation, decreases plasma lipids and adipose tissue mass, and increases free fatty acid transport from peripheral tissues to liver (Berge et al, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of dietary conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and tetradecylthioacetic acid (TTA) on growth, lipid composition and key enzymes of fatty acid oxidation in liver and muscle of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua L.)

et al. 2007

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The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and tetradecylthioacetic acid (TTA) on growth performance, and lipid and fatty acid metabolism in Atlantic cod. The overall objective being to test the hypotheses that CLA and TTA have beneficial effects in cod culture including decreased liver size and proportion through decreased lipid content, and increased nutritional quality through effects on fatty acid compositions including accumulation of bioactive fatty acids, CLA and TTA, in flesh. Juvenile cod were fed for three months on fish meal and fish oil diets of basically commercial formulation, but containing either 0.5% or 1% CLA, or 0.5% TTA. The effects of the functional fatty acids on growth, feed efficiency, body proximate composition, liver weight and lipid composition, fatty acid compositions of flesh and liver, and key enzymes of fatty acid oxidation were determined. Dietary CLA and TTA had no effect on growth parameters in cod juveniles, but viscero-and hepato-somatic indices were increased in fish fed 0.5% CLA and TTA, respectively.Proximate composition of whole fish was not affected by CLA or TTA, and there were no major effects of either functional fatty acid on lipid contents and compositions of liver and flesh. Dietary CLA and TTA were both incorporated into tissue lipids, with CLA deposited to a greater extent in liver, whereas TTA was deposited to a greater extent in flesh. In liver, acyl CoA oxidase (ACO) activity, but not carnitine palmitoyltransferase-I (CPT-I), was increased by CLA, whereas dietary TTA increased both ACO and CPT-I activities. In contrast, ACO activity was reduced by both CLA and TTA in red and white muscle, whereas CPT-I activity was generally not affected by CLA and TTA in either muscle tissue. Therefore, the results only partially supported the hypotheses tested, as CLA and TTA had few beneficial effects in Atlantic cod and did not enhance growth parameters, or improve feed conversion or potential yield through decreased adiposity or liver lipid deposition. However, nutritional quality could be enhanced, and cod fed CLA and/or TTA could be beneficial in the human diet, through provision of bioactive fatty acids with no detrimental effects on n-3 PUFA levels.3

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“…8 Skrede et al have reviewed the metabolism of thia fatty acids. 9 Our group have synthesized and studied spectroscopic and mass spectrometric properties of the positional isomers of the methyl thialaurate, [10][11][12][13] ten methyl dithiastearate isomers 14 and the corresponding sulfinyl and sulfonyl derivatives of methyl thialaurate. 15 In this paper, we describe the synthesis of a set of positional isomers of C 18 acetylenic thia fatty esters (5-8, Scheme 1) in an effort to study the effect of the sulfur atom on the chemical shifts of the carbon nuclei in the alkynyl chain of these thia fatty ester isomers by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and a study of the 13C NMR spectroscopic properties of positional isomers of some C18 acetylenic thia fatty esters

Jie¹,

Bakare²,

Lau³

2002

Arkivoc

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Thia fatty acids, metabolism and metabolic effects

Cited by 77 publications

References 93 publications

Energizing miRNA research: A review of the role of miRNAs in lipid metabolism, with a prediction that miR-103/107 regulates human metabolic pathways

Energizing miRNA research: A review of the role of miRNAs in lipid metabolism, with a prediction that miR-103/107 regulates human metabolic pathways

Influence of dietary conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and tetradecylthioacetic acid (TTA) on growth, lipid composition and key enzymes of fatty acid oxidation in liver and muscle of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua L.)

Synthesis and a study of the 13C NMR spectroscopic properties of positional isomers of some C18 acetylenic thia fatty esters

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