Thermostatistical distribution of a trophic energy proxy with analytical consequences for evolutionary ecology, species coexistence and the maximum entropy formalism

Distribution of species diversity values: A link between classical and quantum mechanics in ecology

“…In fact, the above-mentioned functional scheme is the only plausible explanation that simultaneously matches with (1) the existence of ESE (Rodríguez et al, 2012), with (2) the pro-stationary influence from B-D TO-H (Rodríguez et al, 2013a), with (3) the ecological fulfillment of Boyle-Mariotte's law (Rodríguez et al, 2013b), with (4) the successful extension of the Maxwell-Boltzmann energy distribution to describe energy pyramids (Rodríguez et al, 2015a), as well as with (5) the previous empirical assessment of h e ec at the inter-taxocenosis scale (Rodríguez et al, 2015b); because all of these 5 patterns are only valid (from the physical point of view) for a steady general condition of random interactions of energy exchange. With a random set of energy exchange any net flow of energy is impossible: a net gain in some place and time in favor of any element of the system is immediately compensated by a net energy loss in an alternative space-time point within the same system → SEC.…”

“…In the opposite analytical direction (from H p to E e ), this is precisely the foundation of the relative increase of entropy per plot (N p × H p ) to promote longer food chains and higher trophic pyramids (see Eq. (10) in Rodríguez et al, 2015a). Finally, differently from Eq.…”

“…84-87;Whittaker, 1999, p. 865;Banavar et al, 2002;Enquist, 2002Enquist, , p. 1053Makarieva et al, 2003;Li et al, 2004;West andBrown, 2005, p. 1575;Reich et al, 2006, p. 457;Loeuille and Loreau, 2006;Rodríguez et al, 2013bRodríguez et al, , 2015a. In such a way, a lower respiration rate per unit of biomass (lower E eTp /m eTp values; i.e., more economical species in terms of energy consumption by taking similar biomass values as a common reference framework of comparison between r and K) provides high values of species richness (S), and vice versa.…”

“…Our proposal is supported by three main theoretical premises: (1) the analytical equivalence between stationarity in open systems and equilibrium in closed systems (see Montero and Morán, 1992;Rodríguez et al, 2012Rodríguez et al, , 2013aRodríguez et al, ,b, 2015a, (2) the anti-kinetic and therefore anti-thermic effect of species diversity (Margalef, 1963(Margalef, , 1991Odum, 1972;Rodríguez et al, 2013a,b) and, finally, (3) the local effect of entropy reduction by increasing the information amount (see Ayres, 1994;Ayres and Nair, 1984;Brillouin, 1951Brillouin, , 1953Brillouin, , 1956Brissaud, 2005;Gabor, 1964;Gallucci, 1973;Jaynes, 1957a,b, Lewis, 1930Odum, 1969;Rothstein, 1951Rothstein, , 1952Szilard, 1929;Tribus and McIrvine, 1971;Volkenshtein, 1985;Rodríguez et al, 2013bRodríguez et al, , 2015a. Starting from these premises, Rodríguez et al (2012) combined Eqs.…”

Biodiversity and models of evolution

“…Значение биологического разнообразия, зафиксированное конвенцией ООН [1], оста-ётся в настоящее время широко обсуждаемым свойством природы не только в силу его стаби-лизирующих экосистемных функций и жизне-обеспечивающей роли для человечества, но всё в большей степени как одним из механизмов эволюционных процессов на всех уровнях ор-ганизации живого мира [2][3][4]. Актуальность и практическая значимость понимания этого механизма определяется появившейся в насто-ящее время возможностью целенаправленного влияния на эволюционные процессы природы со стороны «нового геологического фактора» -человека, получившего такое «определение» в работах В. И. Вернадского, раскрывшего антро-погенный характер современной биосферы 5.…”