Thermospheric Density Perturbations Produced by Traveling Atmospheric Disturbances During August 2005 Storm

Abstract

Thermospheric mass density enhancements observed by the Challenging Minisatellite Payload (CHAMP) and the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) satellites in the polar cap are well known to be primarily

Origin of Dawnside Subauroral Polarization Streams During Major Geomagnetic Storms

“…MAGE is a newly developed geospace model that was designed in particular to resolve and study mesoscale structures during storms, such as SAPS (Lin et al, 2021), traveling ionospheric disturbances (Pham et al, 2022), and plasma sheet bursty bulk flows (Sorathia et al, 2021). The MAGE configuration used in the present study couples the Grid Agnostic MHD for Extended Research Applications (GAMERA) global MHD model of the magnetosphere (Sorathia et al, 2020;Zhang, Sorathia, Lyon, Merkin, Garretson, et al, 2019), the Rice Convection Model (RCM) model of the ring current (Toffoletto et al, 2003), Thermosphere Ionosphere Electrodynamics General Circulation Model (TIEGCM) of the upper atmosphere (Richmond et al, 1992), and the RE-developed Magnetosphere-Ionosphere Coupler/Solver (REMIX) (Merkin & Lyon, 2010).…”

“…In this study, we address the science questions raised above and uncover the driving mechanisms of dawnside SAPS observed during the super storm on 20 November 2003 with observational data from DMSP satellites and simulations using the multiscale atmosphere-geospace environment (MAGE) model (Pham et al, 2022). The MAGE model was recently used to resolve the mesoscale structure of and self-consistently characterize the magnetosphere-ionosphere coupling during SAPS (Lin et al, 2021).…”

Penetrating Electric Field Simulated by the MAGE and Comparison With ICON Observation

“…The MAGE model (Lin et al, 2021;Pham et al, 2022) consists of the Grid Agnostic MHD (Magnetohydrodynamics) with Extended Research Applications (GAMERA) model of the magnetosphere (Zhang et al, 2019), the Rice Convection Model (RCM) of the ring current (Toffoletto et al, 2003), the Thermospheric Ionosphere Electrodynamics General Circulation Model (TIEGCM) of the ionosphere-thermosphere (Richmond et al, 1992), and the RE-developed Magnetosphere-Ionosphere Coupler/Solver (REMIX) (Merkin & Lyon, 2010) that links different components of MAGE. Aforementioned standalone TIEGCM is traditionally driven by empirical high latitude ion convection models (e.g., Heelis et al, 1982;Weimer, 2005) which simply use the three-hourly Kp index or selected solar wind parameters as inputs.…”

“…Toward the goal of better understanding the penetrating electric field, we use a coupled magnetosphere ionosphere model (MAGE, Multiscale Atmosphere-Geospace Environment) to simulate the penetrating electric field effect on the equatorial ionosphere (e.g., Lin et al, 2021;Pham et al, 2022), specifically on the vertical ion drift. The thermosphere ionosphere component (TIEGCM) of the MAGE model is driven by much higher and more dynamic high latitude inputs of convection pattern and auroral precipitation by coupling with a magnetospheric model.…”

Interplanetary Control of High‐Latitude Thermospheric Winds: Results From HIWIND and Model Simulations

“…In this study, two different configurations of the MAGE model were used, including the fully coupled GAMERA-TIEGCM-RCM (GTR) and partially coupled GAMERA-TIEGCM (GT). GTR three-way couples the Grid Agnostic MHD Environment for Research Applications (GAMERA) global magnetospheric MHD model (Michael et al, 2021;Pham et al, 2022;Sorathia et al, 2020;Zhang et al, 2019), the ionosphere-thermosphere model of TIEGCM, and the Rice Convection Model (RCM) (Toffoletto et al, 2003). A grid of 96 × 96 × 128 cells in the radial, meridional, and azimuthal directions, respectively, was used in the GAMERA model and a horizontal resolution of 1.25° × 1.25° was used in TIEGCM (Dang et al, 2021) in this study.…”