Thermosensitive nanofibers loaded with ciprofloxacin as antibacterial wound dressing materials

Abstract

To obtain wound dressings which could be removed easily without secondary injuries, we prepared thermoresponsive electrospun fiber mats containing poly(di(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate) (PDEGMA). Blend fibers of PDEGMA and poly(l-lactic acid-co-ε-caprolactone) (P(LLA-CL) were fabricated via electrospinning, and analogous fibers containing the antibiotic ciprofloxacin (CIF) were also prepared. Smooth cylindrical fibers were obtained, albeit with a small amount of beading visible for the ciprofloxacin-loaded fibers. X-ray diffraction showed the drug to exist in the amorphous physical form post-electrospinning. The composite fibers showed distinct thermosensitive properties and gave sustained release of CIF over more than 160h in vitro. The fibers could promote the proliferation of fibroblasts, and by varying the temperature cells could easily be attached to and detached from the fibers. Antibacterial tests demonstrated that fibers loaded with ciprofloxacin were effective in inhibiting the growth of E. coli and S. aureus. In vivo investigations on rats indicated that the composite PDEGMA/P(LLA-CL) fibers loaded with CIF had much more potent wound healing properties than a commercial gauze and CIF-loaded fibers made solely of P(LLA-CL). These results demonstrate the potential of PDEGMA/P(LLA-CL)/ciprofloxacin fibers as advanced wound dressing materials.

Self-disinfecting surfaces and infection control

“…Recently, have been done an attempt to elucidate if alterations on micro or nanotopography of a surface could influence colonization and consequent contamination. An example of structure modification is the application of superficial nanostructures (nanoparticles, nanofibers or nanotubes) reducing the area available for microorganisms to attach [77][78][79].…”

“…Ciprofloxacin incorporation on textile fibers by electrospinning was tested by Li et al [79] This strategy aimed to produce a bandage to prevent wound infection and the results in vivo (rats animal model) were quite positive for E. coli and S. aureus.…”

Nanofibrous Scaffolds for Skin Tissue Engineering and Wound Healing Based on Synthetic Polymers

“…Poly(di(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate) (PDEGMA), a thermoresponsive polymer, was blended with poly(l-lactic acid-co-ε-caprolactone), P(LLA-CL), and used for construction of nanofibrous carriers for controlled drug delivery, namely for delivery of ciprofloxacin. These fibers also supported the growth of fibroblasts, and by decreasing the temperature, they enabled the cell detachment and delivery into wounds [50].…”

“…PLA and PCL can be combined in a poly(l-lactic acid-co-ε-caprolactone) copolymer, P(LLA-CL), also referred to as PLACL [84][85][86], PLLCL [26] or PLCL [13,50].…”

Nanofibrous Scaffolds for Skin Tissue Engineering and Wound Healing Based on Nature-Derived Polymers

“…Well-degradable polymers are usually components of the extracellular matrix in the human body or at least in other verte brates, and include collagen, elastin, keratin and hyaluronic acid, although some polymers produced by non-vertebrate organisms, such as chitosan or poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate), are also degradable in the human body.Current and Future Aspects of Nanomedicine 2 microbial infection, and at the same time, they can keep appropriate moisture and gas exchange at the wound site.Nanofibrous scaffolds for skin tissue engineering have been fabricated from a wide range of synthetic and nature-derived polymers, which can be either biostable or degradable within the human body. Biostable synthetic polymers used in nanofiber-based skin regenerative therapies include, for example, polyurethane [2], polydimethylsiloxane [3], polyethylene terephthalate [4], polyethersulfone [5], and also hydrogels such as poly(acrylic acid) (PAA, [6]), poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA, [7]), and poly[di(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate] (PDEGMA, [8]). Degradable synthetic polymers typically include poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL, [9]) and its copolymers with polylactides (PLCL, [10]), polylactides (PLA, [11]) and their copolymers with polyglycolides (PLGA, [12]), and also so-called auxiliary polymers, such as poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO, [13]) or poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA, [14]), which facilitated the electrospinning process and improved the mechanical properties and wettability of the chief polymer.…”