Thermosensitive gemcitabine-magnetoliposomes for combined hyperthermia and chemotherapy

Abstract

The combination of magnetic hyperthermia therapy with the controlled release of chemotherapeutic agents in tumors may be an efficient therapeutic with few side effects because the bioavailability, tolerance and amount of the drug can be optimized. Here, we prepared magnetoliposomes consisting of magnetite nanoparticle cores and the anticancer drug gemcitabine encapsulated by a phospholipid bilayer. The potential of these magnetoliposomes for controlled drug release and cancer treatment via hyperthermic behavior was investigated. The magnetic nanoparticle encapsulation efficiency was dependent on the initial amount of magnetite nanoparticles present at the encapsulation stage; the best formulation was 66%. We chose this formulation to characterize the physicochemical properties of the magnetoliposomes and to encapsulate gemcitabine. The mean particle size and distribution were determined by dynamic light scattering (DLS), and the zeta potential was measured. The magnetoliposome formulations all had acceptable characteristics for systemic administration, with a mean size of approximately 150 nm and a polydispersity index <0.2. The magnetoliposomes were stable in aqueous suspension for at least one week, as determined by DLS. Temperature increases due to the dissipation energy of magnetoliposome suspensions subjected to an applied alternating magnetic field (AMF) were measured at different magnetic field intensities, and the values were appropriated for cancer treatments. The drug release profile at 37 °C showed that 17% of the gemcitabine was released after 72 h. Drug release from magnetoliposomes exposed to an AMF for 5 min reached 70%.

Solid and aqueous magnetoliposomes as nanocarriers for a new potential drug active against breast cancer

“…The assay was performed for AMLs of Egg-PC ( Figure S4-A), which is in the liquid-crystalline phase at room temperature and AMLs of DPPC ( Figure S4-B), which is in the gel phase at 25 ºC. Aqueous magnetoliposomes of DPPC/cholesterol were also recently obtained by Ferreira et al [59]. Our results in Figure S4 confirm that fusion with GUVs occurs for both AMLs of Egg-PC and DPPC.…”

“…( [59] and proves the suitability of the ethanolic injection method when hydrophobic drugs are considered to be loaded in AMLs. It is also probable that the encapsulation efficiency is dependent on the initial amount of ferrofluid used, as reported [58,59].…”

Diels Alder-mediated release of gemcitabine from hybrid nanoparticles for enhanced pancreatic cancer therapy

“…In comparison with other thermally responsive drug delivery systems for the transport and release of GEM this stability profile is exciting. The use of magnetoliposomes to encapsulate gemcitabine has been shown to only have a stable lifespan of 4 days determined by dynamic light scattering, before aggregation and drug release occurs [46]. this is a much shorter potential shelf life than the 4 weeks of high stability shown for the HNP-L-GEM.…”

Preparation of Magnetoliposomes with a Green, Low-Cost, Fast and Scalable Methodology and Activity Study against S. aureus and C. freundii Bacterial Strains

“…[14][15][16][17] Limitations due to agglomeration and interactions with biological media have been overcome by coating the NPs with several classes of stabilizing agents. [18][19][20][21] Another strategy to increase the interaction of NPs with biological media is encapsulation in liposomes, preparing so-called magnetoliposomes (MGLs). The encapsulation in liposomal vesicles permits reduced contact between drugs and healthy cells; as well as increased efficiency in traversing the diseased cell membrane to reach the target.…”

“…The encapsulation in liposomal vesicles permits reduced contact between drugs and healthy cells; as well as increased efficiency in traversing the diseased cell membrane to reach the target. 18,22 In this paper, soy lecithin, a combination of phospholipids from renewable sources, was used to coat NPs (Fe 3 O 4 @lecithin) and then as liposome for encapsulating the Fe 3 O 4 @lecithin. Two previous studies 23,24 using soy lecithin as the coat of NPs have been described.…”